基于回波模型仿真的ADCP实验室校准中波束间干扰研究

Research on Inter-beam Interference in ADCP Laboratory Calibration Based on Echo Model Simulation

针对声学多普勒流速剖面仪(ADCP)水域环境校准效率低下的问题,提出了一种实验室水池环境下多个波束同时校准方案。通过建立一种精准的仿真回波模型,并进行湖试实验验证了模型的准确性,经由换能器对回波模型在实验室消声水池中进行回发,可以实现对ADCP多个波束同时校准,同时利用回波模型探究校准时波束间的干扰误差。在底跟踪校准模式中,波束间的干扰误差与底速度成正相关,在速度1.6 m/s以下,相对误差在0.5%以下,超过1.6 m/s时,误差超出实验ADCP的测量精度;水跟踪校准模式下波束间的干扰误差呈现高斯噪声的特性,其相对误差集中在0%附近。实验与仿真的结果证明了ADCP实验室多个波束同时校准方案的可行性,其误差经过有效屏蔽能控制在测量精度范围内。

Aiming at the problem of low calibration efficiency of acoustic Doppler current profiler(ADCP)in water environment,a simultaneous calibration scheme of multiple beams in laboratory pool environment is proposed.The accuracy of the model is verified by establishing an accurate simulation echo model,and the lake test experiment is carried out to verify the accuracy of the model.The echo model is sent back to the laboratory anechoic tank through the transducer,which can realize the simultaneous calibration of multiple ADCP beams,and use the echo model to explore the interference error between beams during calibration.In the bottom tracking calibration mode,the interference error between beams is positively correlated with the bottom velocity.When the velocity is below 1.6 m/s,the relative error is below 0.5%.When it exceeds 1.6 m/s,the error exceeds the measurement accuracy of the experimental ADCP.The interference error between beams in the water tracking calibration mode exhibits the characteristics of Gaussian noise,and the relative error is concentrated around 0%.The experimental and simulation results prove the feasibility of the simultaneous calibration scheme of multiple beams in ADCP laboratory,and the error can be controlled within the measurement accuracy range after effective shielding.