唯物史观视域中的数字资本主义批判与反思

Critique and reflection on digital capitalism in the perspective of historical materialism

作为资本主义抽象秩序的延续,数字资本主义既是当代资本关系具体化的展开,也是当代资本主义历史性发展的结果。通过数据的商品化与对数字劳动的隐秘剥削,数字资本主义建构了以数据—流量为核心、以平台—算法为技术载体的资本叙事逻辑,塑造了居于不稳定状态的流众无产阶级,并造成了主体在劳动、交往乃至生命维度的异化与失落。为此,从生产力与生产关系矛盾的维度理解数字资本主义下现实物质生产活动的矛盾性,既要求我们将信息技术看作重要的手段,去加以利用和转化,体现现存社会制度和经济制度的变通性,同时也要求我们现实地改变不平等的社会关系,以此释放全部社会生产力的进步潜能。

system of capitalism,digital capitalism is both the unfolding of the concretization of contemporary capital relations and the result of the historical development of contemporary capitalism.Through the commodification of data and the hidden exploitation of digital labour,digital capitalism has constructed a narrative logic of capital with data-traffic as the core and platform-algorithm as the technological carrier,shaped the lumpen proletariat in a precarious state,and caused the alienation and loss of the subject in the dimensions of labour,interaction and even life.To this end,understanding the contradictory nature of real material production activities under digital capitalism in terms of the contradiction between productive forces and relations of production requires us to view information technology as an important means of utilizing and transforming the adaptability of existing social and economic systems,while at the same time realistically transforming unequal social relations in order to unleash the progressive potential of the full range of social productive forces.