分化型甲状腺癌颈部淋巴结转移相关分子的研究进展

Research progress of molecular signatures associated with cervical lymph node metastasis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma

分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)呈惰性进展且预后良好,但其易在早期即出现颈部淋巴结转移(LNM),与术后复发及不良预后密切相关。高分辨率超声、CT扫描、细针穿刺针吸活检是术前判断是否存在颈部LNM及转移范围的常用手段,随着分子生物学技术的发展,DTC预后相关分子机制的研究取得了很大进步,有望为术前精准评估颈部LNM、个体化制定手术方案、减少不必要的淋巴结清扫提供新的无创且准确的评价方式。在此,笔者结合目前临床的研究总结并探讨分子标志物与DTC颈部LNM的关系及其在诊断和预后中的潜在价值。

Differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)exhibits an indolent progression and a favorable prognosis,but it is prone to early cervical lymph node metastasis(LNM),which is closely associated with postoperative recurrence and poor prognosis.High-resolution ultrasound,CT scanning,and fine-needle aspiration biopsy are commonly used methods for preoperative assessment of the presence and extent of cervical LNM.With the development of molecular biology techniques,significant progress has been made in the understanding of molecular mechanisms related to the prognosis of DTC.It holds the promise of providing new non-invasive and accurate ways to preoperatively assess cervical LNM,individualize surgical plans,and reduce unnecessary lymph node dissection.Here,the authors,based on current clinical research,summarize and discuss the relationship between molecular biomarkers and cervical LNM in DTC,as well as their potential value in diagnosis and prognosis.