基于夜光遥感的南部非洲区域发展不平衡度研究

Analysis of Imbalanced Regional Development in Southern Africa Based on Nighttime Light Remote Sensing

将可见光红外成像辐射仪(visible infrared imaging radiometer suite,VIIRS)夜光遥感年数据应用于南部非洲地区。使用去除火点后的数据,通过位序-规模法则和区域不平衡指数,对南部非洲发展的不平衡度进行了分析;计算了2012—2020年南部非洲国家区域不平衡指数与人均GDP(gross domestic product)、GDP和人口间的相关系数。由位序-规模分析可知,南部非洲大多数国家呈现较明显的首位型分布,南非的城市规模相对合理,毛里求斯各城市规模差异较小;南部非洲整体呈现明显的首位型分布,且其规模分布呈现越来越集中的趋势。由不平衡指数分析可知,在南部非洲国家中,毛里求斯、南非的区域不平衡指数相对较低,表明城市发展相对均衡;安哥拉、莫桑比克、马拉维的区域不平衡指数较高,区域发展较不平衡,南部非洲多数国家2012—2020年的不平衡指数至少和一个社会经济发展指标(GDP、人均GDP和人口)显著相关。只有安哥拉、马达加斯加、莫桑比克和毛里求斯的区域不平衡指数与三者均不显著相关。

In this paper,VIIRS VNP46A4 nighttime light im⁃agery was used to analyze the imbalanced regional develop⁃ment in Southern Africa.The nighttime imagery without nightfire was used to analyze the imbalanced degree in South⁃ern Africa in the scale of primary and secondary administrative division using rank-size rule and the regional imbalance index.We calculated the correlation coefficient between the regional imbalance index of Southern African countries and per capita GDP,GDP and population from 2012 to 2020.The study us⁃ing rank-size rule has shown that most countries in Southern Africa have primacy type distribution,and the city-size distri⁃bution in South Africa is more rational,and the cities of Mauri⁃tius show relatively good distribution.The Southern Africa shows a clear primacy type distribution,and it shows a trend of becoming more concentrated.According to the analysis of the regional imbalance index,the regional imbalance index of Mauritius and South Africa is lower,meaning the city devel⁃ops more balanced,while the regional imbalance index of An⁃gola,Mozambique and Malawi is higher,showing that the city develops more imbalanced.The regional imbalance index from 2012 to 2020 in most countries of Southern Africa is sig⁃nificantly correlated to at least one socio-economic indicator(GDP,per capita GDP,population),while those of Angola,Madagascar,Mozambique and Mauritius’s are not significant.