马克思主义国际关系理论对实证主义的超越

Marxist International Relations Theory's Transcendence of Positivism

实证主义作为哲学概念,历经19世纪中期和20世纪下半叶的两段发展,最终将其自身所形成的科学主义取向照进了国际关系理论之中。马克思主义国际关系理论作为对其展开批判的阵营中的一支,以马克思主义所发动的哲学革命作为理论立场与出发点,历史唯物主义为理论视角,政治经济学批判为理论内容,在具体理论中超越了实证主义为国际关系理论所定下的框架。这一理论事实说明马克思主义国际关系理论的理论立场与视角是高于和超越朴素唯物主义的历史唯物主义,其既不是经济决定论,也不是对资本主义国际机制的单纯道德批判,历史唯物主义的理论视角,是对马克思主义国际关系理论进行理论身份识别的题中应有之义。

As a philosophical concept,positivism has gone through two stages of development in the mid-19th century and the second half of the 20th century and finally reflected its own scientism orientation into international relations theory.Marxist international relations theory,as one within the camps that criticize this orientation,takes the philosophical revolution launched by Marxism as the theoretical stance and starting point,historical materialism as the theoretical perspective,and political economic critique as the theoretical content,and surmounts the framework set by positivism for international relations theory in specific theories.Therefore,this theoretical fact shows that historical materialism-the theoretical stance and perspective of Marxist international relations theory is higher than and beyond naive materialism,and it is neither economic determinism nor a simple moral criticism of the capitalist international regime.The theoretical perspective of historical materialism is the proper theoretical identification of Marxist international relations theory.