重庆市主城区零售企业空间分布与区位选择影响因素研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Spatial Distribution and Location Choice of Retail Enterprises in Chongqing Main Urban Area

零售企业的区位选择已成为从微观视角解析城市空间结构的重要途径。以重庆市主城区为案例地,将区域内零售企业作为研究对象,运用冷热点分析法以及条件Logit与Tobit模型,描述了重庆市主城区零售企业空间格局分布集聚特征,并在此基础上探究了批发企业区位选择的影响因素。结果表明:①重庆市主城区的零售企业具有典型的“整体分散”与“局部集聚”并空间分布特征。“解放碑-观音桥”片区已是零售企业的聚集热点,诸如“南坪-杨家坪”与“九宫庙-覃家岗”等次级热点集聚区也相继产生;②重庆市零售企业的区位选址受到政府宏观规划与市场微观调整共同影响,市场潜能、生产成本、交通可达性、政策规划、产业集聚等因素对零售企业区位选择问题都存在显著的影响;③当零售企业规模不同时,市场潜能、政策规划等因素对零售企业区位选择的影响存在差异。

Location choice of retail enterprises has become an important way to analyze urban spatial structure from a micro perspective.Taking the main urban area of Chongqing as a case study,this paper describes the spatial pattern and agglomeration characteristics of retail enterprises in the main urban area of Chongqing by using cold hot spot analysis and conditional Logit and Tobit model,and then explores the influencing factors of location choice of wholesale enterprises.The results show that:①The retail enterprises in the main urban area of Chongqing have typical characteristics of“overall dispersion”and“local agglomeration”and spatial distribution.The area of"Jiefangbei-Guanyinqiao"has become a hot spot for retail enterprises,and secondary hot spots such as“Nanping-Yangjiaping”and“Jiugongmiao-Qinjiagang”have also come into being.①The location selection of retail enterprises in Chongqing is influenced by government macro-planning and market micro-adjustment.Market potential,production cost,transportation accessibility,policy planning,industrial agglomeration and other factors have a significant impact on the location selection of retail enterprises.③When the size of retail enterprises is different,the influence of market potential,policy planning and other factors on the location choice of retail enterprises is different.