我国政府在农业发展中的角色定位研究

Research on the Role Positioning of Chinese Government in Agricultural Development

主要从战略和战术两个视角,来论证我国政府在农业发展中的角色定位。在战略方面,政府要做农业发展方向的引导者;在战术方面,主要从有效市场和有为政府两个方面来论证政府要做有效市场的保障者和农业政策的保护者。具体来讲,在有效市场地方,政府要做农业生产要素和农产品市场建设的积极推动者和市场运行的监督管理者、农业生产经营的参与者和服务者、农业管理体制改革的自我推动者;在市场失灵的地方,政府要做农民收入的保护神、公共产品的提供者、产学研的强力支持者、农民组织建设的积极推动者、制度创新的助推者、农村生态环境和农村文化的保护者和农产品进出口市场的协调者等,同时要注意政府失灵问题,为我国政府在未来农业发展中精准定位、更加有为提供一定参考。

This article demonstrates the role positioning of our government in agricultural development mainly from the strategic and tactical perspectives.In terms of strategy,the government should guide the direction of agricultural development.In terms of tactics,this paper mainly demonstrates that the government should be the guarantor of efficient market and the protector of agricultural policy from two aspects:efficient market and effective government.Specifically speaking,in the efficient market,the government should be the active promoter of agricultural production factors and agricultural products market construction,the supervisor of market operation,the participant and service provider of agricultural production operation,and the self-promoter of agricultural management system reform;in areas where the market fails,the government should be the protector of farmers' income,the provider of public goods,the strong supporter of enterprises,universities and research institutes,the active promoter of farmers' organization construction,the booster of system innovation,the protector of rural ecological environment and rural culture,and the coordinator of the import and export market of agricultural products.At the same time,it should pay attention to the occurrence of government failure and provide reference for accurate positioning and increasing effectiveness of our government in the future agricultural development.