胶东经济圈传统村落空间格局特征及其影响因素研究

Spatial Pattern Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Traditional Villages in Jiaodong Economic Circle

随着城镇化进程的加速,作为中华民族传统文明重要载体的传统村落生存现状不容乐观,保护传统村落成为当务之急。利用最邻近指数、核密度分析、地理集中指数等GIS空间分析及数理统计方法,并引入基于最优参数的地理探测器模型,结合文化生态学思想,对胶东经济圈不同等级、不同批次传统村落的空间格局及其影响因素进行分析。研究发现:1)胶东经济圈传统村落呈显著集聚型分布,在烟台、威海两市和潍坊市西部分别形成倾斜“T”字型和“L”字型集中连片分布带。从市域和县域尺度看,传统村落呈集中分布,分布不均衡;2)胶东经济圈传统村落空间格局是多因素共同作用的结果,文化遗产资源与距行政边界距离是其主要驱动因子。传统村落总体呈现低海拔、低坡度、向阳坡、沿河流指向,集中于社会经济发展水平中等偏低、交通闭塞、文旅资源较为丰富的地区。

With the acceleration of urbanization,the survival status of traditional villages,which are important carriers of traditional Chinese civilization,is not optimistic and their preservation has become an urgent priority.By using GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics methods such as the nearest neighbor index,kernel density analysis,and geographical concentration index,and introducing a geographical detector model based on optimal parameters,the spatial pattern and influencing factors of different levels and different batches of traditional villages in Jiaodong Economic Circle were analyzed combined with cultural ecology ideas.The research results are as follows.1)The traditional villages in Jiaodong Economic Circle show a significant agglomeration distribution,forming an inclined T-shaped and L-shaped concentrated contiguous distribution belt in Yantai,Weihai and western Weifang respectively.From the perspective of city and county scale,traditional villages are concentrated and unevenly distributed.2)The spatial pattern of traditional villages in Jiaodong Economic Circle is the result of multiple factors,with cultural heritage resources and distance from administrative boundaries being the main driving factors.Traditional villages generally show a low altitude,low slope,sunny slopes and pointing along rivers.They are concentrated in areas with medium and low levels of socio-economic development,blocked traffic,and rich cultural and tourism resources.