健康促进视角下智力障碍儿童基本动作技能干预研究进展

Research Progress on Fundamental Movement Skill Intervention Studiesin Children with Intellectual Disability from Health Promotion Perspective

目的:系统评价智力障碍儿童基本动作技能干预研究的方法及效果,为今后智力障碍儿童基本动作技能干预提供理论支撑和方法学指导。方法:通过Web of Science等5个权威数据库检索文献,按照标准排除无关文献,对纳入文献进行数据信息提取,使用PEDro评分量表对研究质量进行评价。结果:共纳入14篇文献,其中有效干预占93%(13篇)。纳入文献样本量介于12~80人之间,年龄范围为4~18岁;在学校环境实施以基本动作技能或体适能专项训练为干预手段的研究居多;干预周期为6~16周、3次/周、单次干预时间为40~60 min的有效干预占比最高;BOTMP/BOT-2是目前广泛使用的基本动作技能测评工具。结论:智力障碍儿童基本动作技能干预可以有效促进个体基本动作技能发展。

Objective:To systematically evaluate themethods and effect of fundamental movement skill intervention studies among children and adolescents with intellectual disability to provide theoretical support and methodological guidance for future relevant studies.Methods:Studies in 5 major databases including WOS were searched and irrelevant studies were excluded according to the established standard.Data information was extracted from the included studies,and the quality of the study was evaluated using the PEDro scale.Results:A total of 14 studies were included,of which 93%(13 studies)were about effective interventions,with a sample size of 12~80 people,involving children at the age of 4~18.The majority of intervention studies were conducted in schools through specific training of fundamental movement skills or fitness.The highest proportion of effective interventions were those with the intervention period of 6~16 weeks,three times a week,and 40~60 min per time.BOTMP/BOT-2 was a widely used tool to evaluate fundamental movement skills.Conclusion:The fundamental movement skill intervention studies of children with intellectual disability have positive effects on the development of individual fundamental movement skills.