信托制物业服务模式的源起、功能及其基本架构

The Origin,Function and Basic Structure of the Trust Property Service Model

传统的物业服务模式存在未能明确物业服务企业作为服务者的角色定位,难以确定物业服务企业的给付义务是行为义务还是结果义务,以及业主权利不足等问题。这是物业服务纠纷常年居高不下的主要原因。信托制物业服务模式具备确定了物业服务企业的服务者地位,厘清物业服务企业行为义务与结果义务的关系,扩张业主权利等功能。但是,信托制物业服务模式虽在多地已有实践,却仅有《成都市“十四五”城乡社区发展治理规划》这一份政府文件对其做出定义,学界对其认识也并不统一。下一步可以围绕明确信托制物业服务模式仍归属于物业服务合同的范畴,规定信托财产的所有权归属于受托人,认定委托人为全体业主等方向完善其基本架构。

The traditional property service model fails to clarify whether the role of the property service enterprise is a manager or a service provider.It is difficult to determine whether the payment obligation of the property service enterprise is a behavioral obligation or a result obligation,and the owner's rights are insufficient,resulting in high property service disputes.The function of the trust property service model is to determine the service provider status of property service enterprises,clarify the relationship between the behavioral obligations of property service enterprises and the obligations of results,expand the rights of owners,and realize community governance.However,although the trust-based property service model has been practiced in many places,it is only defined in a government document,the 14th Five-Year Plan for Urban and Rural Community Development and Governance in Chengdu,and the academic community does not have a unified understanding of it.The next step can be to improve the basic structure of the trust property service model by clarifying that the trust property service model still belongs to the scope of the property service contract,stipulating that the ownership of trust property belongs to the trustee,and determining that the principal is all the owners.