中国在全球产业链网络中的地位演变

Evolution of Chinas Position in the Global Industrial Chain Networks

文章从复杂网络视角出发,基于产业链的高阶网络传递效应,从产出供应链和投入需求链两个方向精准识别和深入分析了中国在全球产业链网络中的地位演变。研究发现,2000—2020年,中国地位的崛起彻底改变了全球产业链网络的权力分布,形成中、美、德三足鼎立的局面。中国地位的攀升来源于制造业的经久不衰和服务业的后起直追。2020年,中国制造业PageRank需求链和CheiRank供应链中心度均居世界首位,中高端制造业地位领先,电子与光学设备业成为全球枢纽。中国服务业PageRank和CheiRank中心度稳步增长,分别提升至全球第3位和第5位,知识型生产性服务业进入网络核心区。中国积极融入全球产业链网络,着力提升产业链韧性和安全水平,有助于加快构建安全稳定、畅通高效和互利共赢的全球产业链体系。

From the perspective of complex network,this paper accurately identifies and deeply analyzes the evolution of Chinas position in the global industrial chain network from the two directions of output supply chain and input demand chain based on the high-order network transmission effect of the industrial chain.The paper shows that from 2000 to 2020,the rise of Chinas position has completely changed the power distribution of the global industrial chain network,forming a tripartite situation between China,the United States and Germany.Chinas rise comes from the enduring strength of manufacturing and the catch-up of services.In 2020,Chinas manufacturing PageRank demand chain and CheiRank supply chain centrality are ranked first in the world,the posi-tion of medium-to high-technology manufacturing is leading,and the electronic and optical equipment industry has become a global hub.The PageRank and CheiRank centrality of Chinas service industry“grow against the trend”,rising to the third and fifth in the world respectively,and knowledge-based producer services enters the core area of the network.Chinas active integration into the global industrial chain network and efforts to improve the resilience and security of the industrial chain will help accelerate the building of a secure,stable,unimpeded,efficient and mutually beneficial global industrial chain system.