生物活性离子改性透钙磷石骨水泥的生物和理化性能

Biological and physicochemical properties of bioactive ion modified brushite cements

背景:透钙磷石骨水泥作为一种骨替代和骨填充材料,因其具有良好的生物相容性、骨传导性等优点,尤其是相比于其他磷酸钙类骨水泥具有更好的生物降解能力,在骨修复方面有重要应用价值,但也因其存在机械性能不足、固化反应快及注射性能差等问题的限制,目前一般只能用于非负重区骨的修复。目的:探讨生物活性离子(金属离子和非金属离子)改性透钙磷石骨水泥,以期拓展使用范围。方法:利用Pub Med、Science Direct和中国知网、万方数据库检索2018-2023年发表的文献,中文检索词为“金属离子,铁,铜,锶,镁,锌,非金属离子,改性,骨,透钙磷石骨水泥”;英文检索词为“metal ion,iron,Fe,copper,Cu,strontium,Sr,magnesium,Mg,zinc,Zn,non-metal ion,modification,bone,Brushite Cements”。通过阅读标题、摘要对所得文献进行初筛,排除重复及内容不相关文献,最终纳入64篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:(1)生物活性离子影响透钙磷石骨水泥水化反应过程,不同离子以离子取代的方式掺入透钙磷石骨水泥晶体结构中,改变了骨水泥晶体形态,引起凝固时间、注射性、抗压强度等理化性能改变。(2)离子改性的透钙磷石骨水泥因不同的晶体结构而产生不同的离子释放效应,不同类型离子具有如促血管生成/成骨、抗菌及抗肿瘤等特性而发挥作用,此外,透钙磷石骨水泥具有良好的生物降解性,这对于各离子性能的发挥具有极大优势。(3)不同离子改性透钙磷石骨水泥理化性能影响如下:铁、铜、锶、镁、锌、银、钴可延长凝固时间;锶、镁可提高注射性能;铜、锶、镁、银、硅可增强抗压强度;能同时改善透钙磷石骨水泥以上3种理化性能的离子有锶、镁;良好的理化性能是临床应用的前提,故离子改善透钙磷石骨水泥的凝固时间、注射性及抗压强度等性能对骨水泥的研究应用具有重要意义。(4)不同离子改性透钙磷石骨水泥生物性能影响如下:铜、锶、镁、锌、钴、锂、硅、硒具有促血管生成/成骨效应;铁、铜、镁、锌、银具有抗菌特性;镁离子具有抗炎特性;铜、硒具有抗肿瘤性。(5)综上所述,镁离子能改善透钙磷石骨水泥凝固时间、注射性和抗压强度,同时具有促新生血管生成/成骨及抗菌性,对合并感染的骨缺损治疗具有良好应用前景;此外,铜还具有抗肿瘤特性,因此铜离子在感染、肿瘤引起的骨缺损治疗方面有巨大潜力;只是目前相关研究仍处于基础研究阶段,不同离子掺杂浓度和合成条件等对透钙磷石骨水泥理化性能的影响需进一步探索,同时对于生物性能影响也需更长期的研究观察。

s,the articles were initially screened,and irrelevant and duplicate articles were excluded.Finally,64 articles were included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Bioactive ions affect the hydration process of calcium phosphate bone cement.Different ions are substituted by ions and incorporated into the crystal structure of calcium phosphate bone cement,changing the crystal morphology of the cement and causing changes in physical and chemical properties such as setting time,injectability,and compressive strength.(2)Ionic modified calcium phosphate bone cement produces different ion release effects due to different crystal structures.Different types of ions have properties such as promoting angiogenesis/osteogenesis,antibacterial,antitumor,etc.In addition,calcium phosphate bone cement has good biodegradability,which has great advantages for the performance of various ions.(3)The physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate bone cement modified with different ions are as follows:iron,copper,strontium,magnesium,zinc,silver,and cobalt can prolong the setting time.Strontium,and magnesium can improve injection performance.Copper,strontium,magnesium,silver and silicon can enhance compressive strength.The ions that can simultaneously improve the three physical and chemical properties of calcium phosphate bone cement include strontium and magnesium.Good physical and chemical properties are a prerequisite for clinical application,so improving the setting time,injectability,compressive strength,and other properties of calcium phosphate bone cement with ions is of great significance for the research and application of bone cement.(4)The biological properties of calcium phosphate bone cement modified with different ions are as follows:copper,strontium,magnesium,zinc,cobalt,lithium,selenium,and silicon have promoting angiogenesis/osteogenic effects.Iron,copper,magnesium,zinc,and silver have antibacterial properties.Magnesium ions have anti-inflammatory properties.Copper and selenium have anti-tumor properties.(5)In summary,magnesium ions can improve the setting time,injectability,and compressive strength of calcium phosphate bone cement,while also promoting neovascularization/osteogenesis,antibacterial properties,and have good application prospects for the treatment of bone defects with concurrent infections.In addition,copper also has anti-tumor properties,so copper ions have great potential in the treatment of bone defects caused by infections and tumors.However,relevant research is still in the basic research stage,and the effects of different ion doping concentrations and synthesis conditions on the physicochemical properties of calcium phosphate bone cement need to be further explored.At the same time,the impact of biological properties also needs to be studied and observed for a longer period of time.