十堰市畜禽养殖污染空间分布特征及土地承载力分析

Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Land Bearing Capacity Analysis of Livestock and Poultry Pollution in Shiyan City

为探究十堰市畜禽粪污土地承载力现状,采用《畜禽粪污土地承载力测算技术指南》中的相关计算方法,对2019年十堰市畜禽粪污氮磷供应量、农作物粪肥氮磷需求量以及畜禽粪污环境污染预警值进行了测算。结果表明:十堰市各县市区畜禽养殖承载力呈现不均衡性,茅箭区、张湾区接近“有污染”的下限值,需降低畜禽养殖规模;郧阳区、郧西县稍微污染,需要控制畜禽养殖规模;竹山县、竹溪县无污染,对畜禽粪污仍具有一定的消纳空间,可以适当增加畜禽养殖规模;丹江口市无污染,但基于氮养分的风险预警值R N为0.69,接近被污染,不建议丹江口扩大畜禽养殖规模。建议将十堰市的畜禽养殖量控制在278.38万头猪当量。

This research aims to investigate the current situation of the land bearing capacity in Shiyan city.Based on the relevant calculation methods in the Technical Guidelines for Estimating the Land Bearing Capacity,the nutrient supply from livestock and poultry manure,the crop nutrient requirement from manure and the early warning value of environmental pollution was calculated.It shows that the development of husbandry in the districts of Shiyan City is imbalanced.Maojian District and Zhangwan District are close to the lower limit of"pollution",and the scale of livestock and poultry breeding should be reduced;Yunyang District and Yunxi District are“slight”pollution and need control the amount of livestock;There is no pollution in Zhushan County and Zhuxi County,and there is still a certain space for the consumption of livestock and poultry manure,and the scale of livestock and poultry breeding can be appropriately increased.Danjiangkou City has no pollution,but the risk warning value RN based on nitrogen nutrients is 0.69,which is close to being polluted,and it is not recommended to expand the scale of livestock and poultry farming in Danjiangkou City.It is suggested that the amount of livestock and poultry breeding in Shiyan City should be controlled at 2,783,800 pig equivalent.