一种基于经典层合板理论的碳纤维深海机器人电子舱的设计方法

A Design Method for Carbon Fiber Deep-sea ROV Pods Based on Classical Laminate Theory

为满足深海领域商业开发对高强度电子舱的轻量化需求,文章提出采用碳纤维复合材料筒体与金属端盖组合设计深海机器人的电子舱,并基于经典层合板理论提出一种简化的电子舱承压结构壁厚尺寸设计方法。该设计方法简化了金属端盖内的应力分布和碳纤维复合材料堆叠的理论模型,从而能够快速地给出设计推荐数值;且在所给出的推荐数值下,碳纤维舱体重量比铝合金、钛合金舱体均具有显著优势,较铝合金的轻70%,较钛合金的轻20%。第四强度理论和传统层合板理论被分别用于逐层校核该方法给出的电子舱设计强度,结果显示金属端盖的安全系数为0.866,所设计的3000m和6000m两种级别复合材料筒体安全系数分别达到0.56和0.66,均小于1;有限元计算也被用于校核电子舱的设计强度,结果表明,3000m环境和6000m环境对应的铝合金/钛合金端盖和碳纤维筒体应力极限均未超过对应材料的许用极限,验证了该设计方法的有效性。

To satisfy the lightweight requirement for high-strength pods in the field of deep-sea commercial development,this paper proposes a design combining a carbon fiber composite material cylinder and metal end caps for deep-sea ROV pods.Based on the classical laminate theory,a simplified method for designing the pressure-bearing structural wall thickness dimensions of the pod is presented.This design method simplifies the stress distribution inside the metal end cap and the theoretical model of the carbon fiber composite material stack,which can quickly provide recommended design values.The weight of the carbon fiber pod under the recommended values has significant advantages compared to aluminum alloy pods and titanium alloy pods,being 70%lighter than aluminum alloy pods and 20%lighter than titanium alloy pods.The 4th-strength theory and the traditional laminate theory are used to check the design strength of the pod provided by this method layer by layer.The results show that the safety factor of the metal end cap is 0.866,and the safety factors of the 3000 m and 6000 m levels of the composite material cylinder designs reach 0.56 and 0.66 respectively,all of which are less than 1.Finite element calculations are also used to check the design strength of the pod.The results indicate that the stress limits of the aluminum/titanium alloy end cap and the carbon fiber cylinder in the 3000 m-and 6000 m-deep environments do not exceed the allowable limits of the corresponding materials,verifying the accuracy of the design method.