制动温度对高速列车轮轴及盘轴接触应力的影响

Influence of Braking Temperature on the Contact Stress of Wheel-Axle and Disc-Axle of High-Speed Train

以时速350 km动车组动车和拖车轮对为研究对象,利用ANSYS软件模拟了列车紧急制动时,轮装制动盘产生的热量在制动过程及停车后在轮盘、车轮及车轴之间的传导过程,以及轴装制动盘产生的热量在制动过程及停车后在轴盘、连接件及车轴之间的传导过程,并考虑了轮盘与车轮、车轮与车轴、轴盘与连接件、连接件与车轴之间的接触热阻,得到车轮与车轴、轴装制动盘与车轴接触位置的温度变化规律,分析了这种温度变化对过盈配合位置接触应力的影响。结果表明:制动产生的热量使车轮与车轴接触位置温度最高升至73℃,轴盘连接件与车轴接触位置温度最高升至216℃,且最高温度均出现在停车后;制动温度对车轮与车轴过盈配合位置接触应力影响较小,且并未改变应力分布规律;制动温度对轴盘连接件与车轴过盈配合位置接触应力影响较大,且明显改变了应力分布规律。

In this paper,taking the motor and trailer wheel pairs of 350 km/h EMU as the research object,the ANSYS software is used to simulate the transfer process of the heat generated by the wheel-mounted brake disc during the emergency braking between wheel disc,wheel and axle during braking and after stopping,and the transfer process of the heat generated by axle-mounted brake disc during emergency braking between the axle disc,connecting piece and axle during braking and after stopping;the contact thermal resistance between wheel disc and wheel,wheel and axle,axle disc and connecting piece,connecting piece and axle are considered,then the temperature variation law of the contact position between wheel and axle,axle brake disc and axle is obtained,and the influence of this temperature variation on the contact stress of interference fit position is analyzed.The results show that the heat generated by braking makes the temperature of the contact position between wheel and axle rising to 73℃,while the temperature of the contact position between axle disc connector and axle rising to 216℃,and the highest temperature appears after parking;the braking temperature has a little influence on the contact stress at the interference fit position between wheel and axle,and it does not change the stress distribution law;while the braking temperature has a great influence on the contact stress of the interference fit position between the axle disc connector and the axle,and it obviously changes the stress distribution law.