摘要
注意瞬脱是指从一系列干扰刺激中识别两个目标时,识别第一个目标(T1)往往会干扰之后200~500 ms内出现的第二个目标(T2)的识别,该现象反映了时间维度上的意识加工局限性。但研究发现,与中性T2相比,情绪T2可以在一定程度上对抗注意瞬脱。这为我们理解人类对情绪刺激的优先意识加工提供了一个观察窗口和研究手段。情绪T2对抗注意瞬脱受T1任务难度、T2任务类型和情绪预期等因素的影响,该过程涉及的脑区主要包括杏仁核、前扣带回和眶额皮层等区域;在时间进程上,情绪相比中性T2在认知加工的早期和晚期阶段都表现出增强的效应。情绪对抗注意瞬脱的认知神经机制可以用注意增强和巩固竞争假说来解释,即由杏仁核介导的情绪信息早期注意捕获是导致情绪对抗注意瞬脱的关键,而晚期的巩固过程受到任务要求等自上而下因素的影响。
Attentional blink(AB)is a phenomenon in which identifying the second of two targets(T2)is impaired when it appears 200~500 ms after the first target(T1).This phenomenon reflects the limitation of conscious processing in temporal dimension.However,emotional T2 can attenuate AB compared to neutral T2.This provides an observation window for understanding the preferential processing of emotional stimuli.The phenomenon of emotional T2 attenuating AB is influenced by factors such as the difficulty of T1,the task demand of T2 and emotional expectations.The brain regions primarily involved in emotional T2 attenuating AB include the amygdala,anterior cingulate cortex,and orbitofrontal cortex.In the temporal dimension,compared to neutral T2,emotional T2 exhibits enhanced effects in both the early and late stages of cognitive processing.The“Attentional Enhancement and Consolidation Competition Hypothesis”was proposed to explain the underlying mechanism of emotional T2 attenuating AB.The early attentional capture of emotional information mediated by the amygdala is key to reducing AB for emotion,while task demand and other top-down factors modulate the late consolidation process.
作者
孙猛
刘泽军
贾茜
尚晨阳
张钦
SUN Meng;LIU Zejun;JIA Xi;SHANG Chenyang;ZHANG Qin(The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences,Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230032,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of“Learning&Cognition”,School of Psychology,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Department of Psychology,Educational College,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China;Institute of Brain Science and Department of Physiology,School of basic medical sciences,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China)
出处
《心理科学进展》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期58-74,共17页
Advances in Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目(32300874)
安徽省高校自然科学重点项目(2022AH050687)资助。
关键词
情绪
注意瞬脱
快速序列视觉呈现
emotion
attentional blink
rapid serial visual presentation