杂交小麦研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect on Hybrid Wheat

【目的】为了解杂交小麦研究进展,进一步为小麦杂种优势利用奠定理论基础。【方法】通过查阅国内外与杂交小麦研究的相关文献资料,总结杂交小麦的基础和应用研究进展。【结果】通过对杂交小麦多年的研究与应用,取得了一系列的研究成果。同时利用形成的三系法、化杀法、两系法和核不育法杂交小麦生产体系,选育和审定了一系列的杂交小麦品种,特别是两系法杂交小麦,得到了推广应用。【结论】虽然杂交小麦的应用研究取得了一些进展,但在基因发掘和机制解析方面仍存在明显不足。在生产应用上,也与水稻和玉米存在较大差距。因此,加强杂交小麦研究对基础和应用研究具有十分重要的意义。

【Objective】This study is aiming at understanding the research progress of hybrid wheat and further laying a theoretical foundation for the utilization of wheat heterosis.【Method】We summarized the basic and applied research progress of hybrid wheat after reviewing relevant references on hybrid research both domestically and internationally.【Result】Through years of research and application on hybrid wheat,a series of research outcomes have been achieved.At the same time,a series of hybrid wheat varieties were bred and registered using the three-line hybrid method,chemical killing method,twoline hybrid method,and nuclear sterile method wheat production systems.In particular,two-line hybrid wheat has been promoted and applied.【Conclusion】Although some progress has been made in the application research of hybrid wheat,there are still significant deficiencies in gene discovery and mechanism analysis.In terms of production application,there is also a significant gap with rice and maize.Therefore,strengthening the research on hybrid wheat is of great significance for basic and applied research.