草地生态系统功能对气候变化的响应研究进展

Research Progress on the Response of Grassland Ecosystem Function to Climate Change

草地生态系统是陆地生态系统重要的碳库和氮库,是对气候变化最敏感的生态系统类型之一。草地生态系统承载着多种生态功能与服务,充分认识草地生态系统功能与气候变化的关系,掌握草地生态系统应对气候变化的机制,有利于保护人类赖以生存的地球环境,实现可持续发展。气候变化不仅会改变植物个体生理生态过程,也会引起植物群落物种组成和多样性的变化,最终可能改变生态系统的类型和功能。同时,生态系统的这种改变也会产生相应的反馈作用,可能减缓或者加剧气候变化。基于此,本文综述了草地生态系统植物多样性、生态系统碳循环过程以及生态系统多功能性对气候变化的响应,讨论了目前研究中存在的一些问题,对未来相关研究趋势进行了展望,以期为草地生态系统的科学管理与可持续利用提供理论借鉴。

The grassland ecosystem,a significant carbon and nitrogen reservoir within the terrestrial ecosystems,stands as one of the most vulnerable ecosystems to the impacts of climate change.The grassland ecosystem provides an array of ecological functions and services.This ecosystem plays a crucial role in providing various ecological functions and services.Therefore,it is essential to comprehend the intricate relationship between the grassland ecosystem and climate change,including its adaptation mechanisms.Such understanding is pivotal for safeguarding the Earth’s environment,a necessity for human survival,and achieving sustainable development.Climate change induces alterations in the physiological and ecological processes of individual plants,leading to shifts in species composition and diversity within plant communities.These changes,in turn,contribute to modifications in ecosystem types and functions.Concurrently,these ecosystem changes can exhibit feedback effects on climate change,potentially either mitigating or exacerbating its impacts.In summary,this paper provides a systematic review of plant diversity,ecosystem carbon cycle processes,and multifunctionality to climate change in grassland ecosystem.The review aims to address current research gaps and highlights future research trends,offering theoretical references for the sustainable utilization of grassland ecosystems.