高铁开通后是否会破解“资源诅咒”:对资源型城市绿色全要素生产率的考察

The Impact of the Opening of High-speed Railway on the Green Total Factor Productivity of Resource-based Cities

“资源诅咒”是阻碍资源型城市进行绿色发展转型的关键因素。随着高铁网络的不断完善,探讨高铁开通是否有助于打破“资源诅咒”进而对城市绿色全要素生产率产生影响尤为关键。本文首先结合“资源诅咒”机制探讨高铁开通对绿色全要素生产的影响机制并对绿色全要素生产率进行测算,随后采用双重差分方法(DID)对2005—2013年间108个资源型城市进行了实证分析。研究表明:资源型城市绿色全要素生产率在研究范围内整体呈现上升趋势,但是2011年存在较大幅度的下降;高铁开通显著提升资源型城市绿色全要素生产率,对不同类型和不同区域的资源型城市存在显著的异质性影响。此外,高铁开通会影响产业结构变迁、技术创新以及政府竞争行为进而提升资源型城市绿色全要素生产率。因此,政府应积极改善当地的营商环境、出台优惠的人才政策,打破“资源诅咒”,从而促进本地资源型城市的绿色发展。

The"resource curse"is a key factor that hinders the green development and transformation of resource-based cities.With the continuous improvement of the high-speed rail network,it is particularly important to explore whether the opening of high-speed railway will help break the"resource curse"and have an impact on urban green total factor productivity.Firstly,this paper conducts a theoretical analysis based on the"resource curse"related mechanism and measures the green total factor productivity,and then uses the difference-in-differences(DID)method to conduct an empirical analysis of 108 resource-based cities from 2005 to 2013.The research shows that:resource-based cities Green total factor productivity showed an overall upward trend within the research scope,but there was a relatively large decline in 2011;the opening of high-speed rail significantly improved the green total factor productivity of resource-based cities,and there were significant heterogeneities for resource-based cities of different types and regions.In addition,the opening of the high-speed rail through three mechanisms:the impact of industrial structure changes,technological innovation,and government competition behavior to improve the green total factor productivity of resource-based cities.Therefore,the government should actively improve the local business environment,introduce preferential talent policies,and break the"resource curse",thereby promoting the green development of local resource-based cities.