任务因素对中文二语口语产出复杂度、准确度和流利度的影响

The Influence of Task Factors on the Complexity,Accuracy,and Fluency of Chinese Second Language Oral Production

任务复杂度作为任务设计的重要特征,对二语习得具有重要影响。基于认知假说和注意力资源有限假说,以韩国母语者为研究对象,以中文母语者数据为基线,从资源集中型变量[±空间推理]和资源分散型变量[±任务结构]调节任务复杂度,考察任务复杂度在中文二语口语产出中的作用,发现:空间推理复杂度仅对句法复杂度产生显著影响,任务结构复杂度则对口语产出不同子维度均无显著作用;不同类型的任务变量对二语口语产出不同子维度间相关关系的影响是复杂和动态的,学习者会根据任务复杂度的变异调节认知资源在形式层和意义层上的分配。这为阐释任务因素在注意力资源方面的调配机制提供了实证支持,也为中文二语任务型口语教学的实施提供了策略指导。

Task complexity is an important feature of task design that has a significant impact on second language acquisition.However,there is currently very little research on the impact of task factors on Chinese second language oral production.In this study,we explored how resource-directing variables\and resource-dispersing variables\affect the speech performance of Korean-Chinese learners based on the Cognitive Hypothesis and the Limited Attentional Capacity Model.We also used Chinese native speaker oral production data as the baseline.The results showed that:Compared to the less complex task,the more complex task,which needs higher spatial reasoning,demand was significantly lower on syntactic complexity,while the task structure demand has no significant effect on complexity,fluency and accuracy.The impact of different types of task variables on the correlation between different sub-dimensions of oral production is complex and dynamic,and learners will adjust the allocation of cognitive resources based on both form and meaning,depending on the level of task complexity.The research conclusions can provide empirical support for explaining the allocation mechanism of task factors in attention resources,as well as for task-based oral Chinese instruction.