新时代实现“双减”长效化的观念转变和制度保障

On the Conceptual Transformation and Institutional Guarantee of Achieving Long-term“Double Reduction”in the New Era

在“唯分是图”工具性价值观念束缚和现存中考“普职分流”选拔性竞争考试的冲击之下,广大中小学生和家长为追求升入重点学校,不惜牺牲学生身心健康,陷入“分分计较”式只顾一时“输赢”与只算眼前“得失”等功利化和短视化的困境中。加之在校外培训机构的推波助澜下,这一“以学致考”式的分数至上观念,更是直接诱发了中小学生和家长因中考分流而产生的教育焦虑激增,甚至还向中小学低年级蔓延,使得沉重的校内课业负担和校外培训负担成为侵蚀学生身心健康成长以及社会和谐发展的“毒瘤”。为此,从引导观念转变和强化制度保障两方面探讨新时代“双减”政策实施的长效化,以期从根本上破解义务教育阶段学生负担过重这一由来已久的教育难点和现实痛点,使中小学教育的健康发展回归本真,并实现其为人的全面发展奠基的育人使命。

Under the constraints of the instrumental value concept of“only score is the map”and the impact of the existing“general vocational separation”selection competitive exam in the high school entrance examination,the majority of primary and secondary school students and their parents,in pursuit of promotion to key schools,are willing to sacrifice their physical and mental health,fall into the utilitarian and short-sighted educational dilemma of“score based competition”,which only focuses on short-term“winners and losses”and only calculates immediate“gains and losses”.In addition,with the help of off-campus training institutions,this learning based concept of priortizing scores has directly triggered a surge in educational anxiety among primary and secondary school students and parents due to the diversion of high school entrance exams,and even spread to the lower grades of primary and secondary schools,making the heavy burden of on-campus coursework and off-campus training has become a“cancer”that erodes the physical and mental health development of students and the harmonious development of society.Therefore,this article explores the long-term implementation of the“double reduction”policy in the new era from two aspects:guiding the transformation of concepts and strengthening institutional guarantees,in order to fundamentally solve the long-standing educational difficulties and practical pain points of students’heavy burden in compulsory education,and to return the healthy development of primary and secondary education to its true nature,and achieve its educational mission of laying the foundation for comprehensive human development.