考虑叶片结构变形的错列式两风机尾流干扰效应研究

Study on Wake Effect of Two Staggered Wind Turbines Considering Blade Structural Deformation

随着风力机技术日益成熟,叶片逐渐向大型化和柔性化发展。同时,不同布置形式下风力机之间会产生复杂的尾流干扰效应,因此考虑多风机叶片气动-弹性耦合的尾流干扰效应成为了重要课题。该文采用自主研发求解器FEWF-SJTU,基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论和致动线模型,进行了湍流入流条件下错列式两风力机气动-弹性耦合尾流效应大涡模拟研究。结果表明:随着错列间距的增大,下游风机在挥舞方向上的变形量逐渐增大,而摆振和扭转方向上的变形量逐渐减小;考虑叶片结构变形对推力的影响作用相对较大,但是随着错列间距的增大,下游风机气动功率的增长率大于气动推力;叶片结构变形主要影响远尾流区的尾流速度和尾涡结构,且随着错列间距的增大,风力机之间的干扰效应相对减小。

With the development of wind turbine technology, the blades are becoming larger and more flexible. Meanwhile, there are complex wake interference effects between wind turbines under different arrangements. Therefore, it has become an important topic with considering the coupling aeroelastic performance of blades of multi-wind turbines. Based on the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and actuator line model, the wake effect of two staggered arrangements of wind turbines is carried out with large eddy simulation when the coupling aeroelastic is taken into consideration under turbulent inflow conditions by using the independently developed solver FEWF-SJTU. The results show that with the increase of staggered spacing, the deformation increases gradually in the flap-wise, while the deformation decreases in the edge-wise and torsion-wise direction for the downstream wind turbine. Besides, the influence of blade structural deformations on the thrust is relatively larger. However, with the increase of staggered distance, the growth rate of aerodynamic power is greater than that of aerodynamic thrust in the downstream wind turbine. Finally, it is considered that the deformation of the blade structure mainly affects the wake velocity and vortex structure in the far wake region, and the interference effect between wind turbines decreases with the increase of staggered spacing.