玫瑰痤疮的皮肤超声特征分析

Analysis of Skin Ultrasound Features of Rosacea

目的 探讨玫瑰痤疮皮肤病患者皮肤高频超声声像图特征,寻找一种辅助诊断玫瑰痤疮的技术或者手段。方法 选取2021年2月—2023年2月在包头医学院第一附属医院皮肤科确诊的60例玫瑰痤疮皮肤病患者,同时选取60例健康人群做对照。观察内容包括面颊部、鼻部真皮的厚度、回声,血管内径、血流信号、收缩期峰值流速(peak systolic velocity, PSV)、阻力指数(resistent index, RI)、搏动指数(pulsatility index, PI)。结果 玫瑰痤疮患者皮肤高频超声多表现为真皮呈低回声,面颊部(83.33%,50/60),鼻部(86.67%,52/60);彩色血流信号显示皮下及深部血流信号增多,面部高血管化,面颊部(71.67%,43/60),鼻部(75.00%,45/60),玫瑰痤疮患者真皮回声、血流信号与正常健康人群差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。玫瑰痤疮组患者面颊部真皮厚度(0.167 7±0.025 8) cm,血管内径(0.144 9±0.036 8) cm;鼻部真皮厚度(0.177 8±0.072 6)cm,血管内径(0.138 9±0.031 2)cm;玫瑰痤疮组的真皮厚度、血管内径与健康对照组相比,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 玫瑰痤疮的声像图表现具有一定特点,对临床明确诊断具有重要的参考价值。

Objective To explore the characteristics of skin high-frequency ultrasound in patients with rosacea dermatosis, and to find a technique or means to diagnose rosacea.Methods Sixty patients with rosacea diagnosed in the Dermatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from February 2021 to February 2023 were recruited, and 60 healthy subjects were selected as controls. The indices observed included thickness of cheek and nose, dermis echo, vascular diameter, blood flow signal, peak systolic velocity(PSV), resistent index(RI)and pulsatility index(PI).Results The skin of rosacea patients showed hypoechoic dermis, isthmus(83.33%, 50/60)and nose(86.67%, 52/60). Color blood flow signals showed increased subcutaneous and deep blood flow signals, facial hypervascularization, isthmus(71.67%, 45/60), and nasal(75.00%, 43/60). There were significant differences in dermis echo and blood flow signals between rosacea patients and healthy people(P < 0.01). The thickness of the cheek dermis was(0.167 7±0.025 8)cm and the vascular diameter was(0.144 9±0.036 8)cm in the rosacea group. The thickness of the nasal dermis was(0.177 8±0.072 6)cm, and the vascular diameter was(0.138 9±0.031 2)cm. There were significant differences in dermal thickness and vascular diameter between the rosacea and healthy control groups(P <0.01).Conclusion The ultrasonographic manifestations of rosacea have certain characteristics of a significant reference value for clinical diagnosis.