2018-2022年辽宁省男男性行为人群HIV新发感染及影响因素分析

Recent HIV Infection and Influencing Factors Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Liaoning Province, 2018-2022

目的 分析辽宁省男男性行为人群(MSM)艾滋病病毒(HIV)新发感染现况及其影响因素。方法 采用限制性抗原亲和力酶联免疫法(LAg-Avidity EIA)对辽宁省2018-2022年MSM艾滋病哨点监测样本进行HIV新发感染检测,估算该人群新发感染率,利用χ^(2)检验、多因素Logistic回归模型分析HIV新发感染的影响因素。结果 2018—2022年MSM哨点共监测9 576人,HIV抗体阳性率在3.39%~7.25%之间,呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=27.787,P<0.05),新发感染率在2.92%~6.78%之间,呈下降趋势(χ^(2)趋势=7.374,P<0.05)。多因素分析显示,样本来源于网络招募(OR=3.804)及VCT门诊(OR=5.509)、最近6个月同性肛交未坚持使用安全套(OR=1.711)、最近1年未接受艾滋病干预服务(OR=3.071)、梅毒感染(OR=5.107)是HIV新发感染的危险因素。结论 辽宁省MSM的HIV新发感染率有所下降,但仍需优化MSM的各项干预措施,继续推广安全套的使用,加强梅毒筛查和治疗,降低HIV的进一步传播。

Objective To understand the incidence of recent human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infections and associated factors among men who have sex with men(MSM)in Liaoning province.Methods Seropositive samples of MSM sentinel surveillance during 2018-2022 were tested with Limiting-antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay to detect recent HIV infection.The recent HIV infection rate was estimated,and multivariable Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with recent infection of HIV.Results A total of 9576 cases were investigated from 2018 to 2022.The positive rate of HIV antibody was 3.39%-7.25%,showing a downward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=27.787,P<0.05).The incidence of HIV infection was 2.92%-6.78%,indicating a downward trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=7.374,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that recruitment from the network(OR=3.804)and VCT clinics(OR=5.509),non-consistent use of condoms in the last 6 months(OR=1.711),no HIV intervention service in the previous year(OR=3.071)and syphilis infection(OR=5.107)were associated with a higher risk for recent HIV infection.Conclusion The incidence of recent HIV infection of MSM in Liaoning has been declining.Further effective HIV prevention strategies are still needed,such as promoting consistent use of condoms and strengthening syphilis screening and treatments for MSM to reduce HIV infection.