赖氨酰氧化酶家族蛋白质与乳腺癌发生发展相关性的研究进展

Research Progress on the Correlation Between Lysyl Oxidase Family Proteins and the Occurrence and Development of Breast Cancer

赖氨酰氧化酶(lysyl oxidase, LOX)家族蛋白质是一类分泌型铜依赖性胺氧化酶,可以催化细胞外基质(extracellular matrix, ECM)中的胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白的共价交联,调节组织抗张强度,在ECM的形成和修复中发挥关键作用。此外,LOX家族蛋白质的异常表达和调控会导致多种不同类型癌症的发生,例如肺癌、肝细胞癌、胃癌、肾细胞癌、结直肠癌等。近年的研究显示,LOX家族蛋白质在乳腺癌中的表达显著上调,参与了乳腺癌的增殖、侵袭和转移。且LOX家族蛋白质的高表达与乳腺癌患者的预后不良密切相关。本文主要总结了LOX家族蛋白质的结构、功能及其在乳腺癌发生和转移中的机制,为乳腺癌的临床诊断和治疗以及筛选有效的LOX特异性抑制剂提供理论基础和参考依据。

Lysyl oxidase(LOX)family proteins are a kind of secreted copper-dependent amine oxidase,which can catalyze the cova-lent cross-linking of collagen and elastin in extracellular matrix(ECM),regulate tissue tensile strength,and play a key role in the for-mation and repair of ECM.In addition,the abnormal expression and regulation of LOX family proteins can lead to the occurrence of many different types of cancer,such as lung cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma,gastric cancer,renal cell carcinoma,colorectal cancer,etc.Recent studies have shown that the expression of LOX family proteins is significantly up-regulated in breast cancer,which is in-volved in the proliferation,invasion and metastasis of breast cancer.High expression of LOX family proteins is closely related to poor prognosis of breast cancer patients.This article summarizes the structure and function of LOX family proteins and its mechanism in the occurrence and metastasis of breast cancer,providing a theoretical basis and reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer and screening of effective LOX specific inhibitors.