胃肠道超声在AECOPD患者胃肠道功能评估中的临床价值

Clinical Value of Gastrointestinal Ultrasonography in Evaluating Gastrointestinal Function in AECOPD Patients

目的探讨床旁胃肠道超声在评估慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者胃肠道功能中的临床价值。方法选择2019年6月至2021年12月在兰州市第一人民医院重症医学科及呼吸科住院的AECOPD患者128例,根据患者病情轻重程度分为轻-中组(不需要有创呼吸支持治疗,63例)和重度组(有创呼吸支持治疗,65例),并选择同期健康体检者54例作为对照(正常组)。比较这些患者一般资料、胃排空时间(gastric emptying time,GET)、胃窦收缩频率(anstral contraction frequency,ACF)、胃窦收缩幅度(anstral contraction amplitude,ACA)、胃窦运动指数(anstral motility index,MI)、小肠直径、结肠直径、肠蠕动、小肠黏膜厚度、结肠黏膜厚度。通过Logistic回归分析了解这些指标与AECOPD患者的胃肠道功能是否相关。用ROC曲线和约登指数来界定这些指标的诊断临界值,从而评估胃肠道超声在判断AECOPD患者胃肠功能障碍中的价值。结果三组患者一般资料差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与健康体检者比较,AECOPD患者的GET明显延长,ACF明显降低,ACA明显减少、MI明显降低,小肠直径、结肠直径明显增宽,肠蠕动明显减慢,小肠黏膜厚度、结肠黏膜厚度明显变薄(均P<0.01)。与正常组和轻-中组比较,重度组患者GET明显延长,ACF明显减慢,ACA明显减少,MI明显降低,小肠直径、结肠直径明显增宽,肠蠕动明显减慢,小肠黏膜厚度、结肠黏膜厚度明显变薄(均P<0.01)。这些指标亦与AECOPD程度有关(均P<0.01)。经过Logistic回归分析发现:GET、ACF、ACA、MI、小肠直径、结肠直径、肠蠕动与AECOPD患者的胃肠功能有明显的相关性;对与AECOPD患者胃肠道功能相关的指标进行ROC曲线分析,它们的ROC曲线下面积均大于0.5(P<0.05)。用这些指标综合评价患者胃肠道功能具有良好的诊断价值,有较高灵敏度及特异度。结论胃肠道超声可以用来评估AECOPD患者的胃肠动力功能。胃肠道超声测量GET、ACF、ACA、MI、小肠直径、结肠直径、肠蠕动能更早发现AECOPD患者胃肠功能障碍情况。

Objective To explore the clinical value of bedside gastrointestinal ultrasound exacerbations in evaluating gastrointestinal function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A total of 128 patients with AECOPD hospitalized in the Department of Intensive Care and Respiratory Medicine of Lanzhou First People's Hospital from June 2019 to December 2021 were selected and divided into mild to moderate group(63 cases without invasive respiratory support treatment)and severe group(65 cases with invasive respiratory support treatment)according to the severity of their conditions.Fifty-four healthy subjects were selected during the same period.The general data,gastric emptying time(GET),anstral contraction frequency(ACF),anstral contraction amplitude(ACA),anstral motility index(MI),small intestine diameter,colon diameter,intestinal peristalsis,intestinal mucosal thickness,and colon mucosal thickness were compared among these patients.Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine whether these indicators were associated with gastrointestinal function in patients with AECOPD.ROC curve and Jorden index were used to define the diagnostic threshold of these indicators,so as to evaluate the value of gastrointestinal ultrasound in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal dysfunction in AECOPD patients.Results There was no significant difference in the general data among the three groups(P>0.05).Compared with the healthy group,the GET of AECOPD patient was significantly prolonged,ACF was significantly reduced,ACA was significantly reduced,MI was significantly decreased,small intestine diameter and colon diameter were significantly increased,intestinal peristalsis was significantly slowed down,and intestinal mucosal thickness and colon mucosal thickness were significantly reduced(P<0.01).Compared with normal group and light-medium group,GET was significantly longer,ACF was significantly lower,ACA was significantly reduced,MI was significantly decreased,small intestine diameter and colon diameter were significantly increased,intestinal peristalsis was significantly slowed down,and intestinal mucosal thickness and colon mucosal thickness were significantly reduced(P<0.01)in severe group.These indexes were also associated with the degree of AECOPD(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that GET,ACF,ACA,MI,small intestine diameter,colon diameter and intestinal peristalsis were significantly correlated with gastrointestinal function in AECOPD patients.ROC curve analysis was performed in the indicators related to gastrointestinal function in AECOPD patients,and the area under ROC curve of all of them was greater than 0.5(P<0.05).The comprehensive evaluation of gastrointestinal function by these indexes had a good diagnostic value,with good sensitivity and specificity.Conclusion Gastrointestinal ultrasound can be used to evaluate gastrointestinal motility dysfunction in patients with AECOPD.Gastrointestinal ultrasound measurements of GET,ACF,ACA,MI,small intestine diameter,colon diameter and intestinal peristalsis can be used for early detection of gastrointestinal dysfunction in patients with AECOPD.