超重/肥胖对乳房过大缩小成形术后并发症的影响

Impact of overweight/obesity on postoperative complications in breast reduction surgery

目的探讨超重/肥胖对乳房过大缩小成形术后并发症的影响。方法2016年1月至2022年12月,北京大学深圳医院整形外科接受乳房过大缩小成形术女性患者82例,年龄18~58岁,平均34.5岁。根据体重指数(BMI)将患者分为正常/低体重组(48例)和超重/肥胖组(34例)。比较两组患者在术后并发症等方面的差异。结果超重/肥胖组术后并发症发生率为50.0%(17/34),高于正常/低体重组的18.8%(9/48)(P<0.05)。常见并发症是感染或裂开等延迟愈合8例(9.8%)、皮肤坏死5例(6.1%)、增生性瘢痕5例(6.1%)。超重/肥胖组皮肤坏死及愈合不良发生率高于正常/低体重组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后血肿和增生性瘢痕在两组中均有发生,而脂肪液化和血栓只出现在超重/肥胖组。结论超重/肥胖是乳房过大缩小成形术后并发症的重要危险因素。术前应对患者进行评估,采取必要的措施降低并发症的风险。

Objective To investigate the impact of overweight/obesity on postoperative complications in breast reduction surgery.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent breast reduction surgery in our hospital from 2016 to 2022.Basic patient information and postoperative complications,such as poor wound healing,infection,hematoma,nipple necrosis,etc.,were collected.Patients were categorized into normal/low weight group and overweight/obese group according to their body mass index(BMI).The differences in postoperative complications between the two groups were compared and statistically analyzed.Results The study included 82 patients,48 in the normal/low weight group and 34 in the overweight/obese group.The gender,age,and surgical methods of the two groups of patients were relatively balanced,and there was no statistical difference.However,the incidence of postoperative complications was 50.0%(17/34)in overweight/obeseitg group,higher than 18.8%(9/48)in normal/low weight group.Common complications included delayed healing such as infection or dehiscence in 8 cases(9.8%),skin necrosis in 5 cases(6.1%),and hypertrophic scars in 5 cases(6.1%).The incidence of skin necrosis and delayed healing in the overweight/obese group was higher than that in the normal/low weight group,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Postoperative hematoma and hypertrophic scars occurred in both groups,while fat liquefaction and thrombosis only occurred in the overweight/obese group.Conclusions Overweight/obesity is an important risk factor for postoperative complications in breast reduction surgery.Patients should be evaluated before surgery,and necessary measures should be taken to reduce the risk of complications.