知识产权行政保护与企业数字化转型

Administrative Protection of Intellectual Property Rights and Corporate Digital Transformation

建设数字中国是数字时代推进中国式现代化的重要引擎,加强知识产权保护是提高国家经济竞争力的最大激励。那么,为实现企业数字化转型,具有中国特色的知识产权行政保护发挥了怎样的作用?本文以2010—2018年中国A股非金融类上市公司为样本,探究各省知识产权行政保护对上市公司数字化转型的影响机制和作用效果。研究发现,知识产权行政保护可以有效促进当地上市公司实现数字化转型。并且,加强知识产权行政保护能够显著增加企业研发支出和数字专利申请,进而促进企业数字化转型。进一步研究发现,知识产权行政保护、司法保护以及社会服务协同配合,强化了知识产权全链条保护。知识产权行政保护对企业数字化转型的促进作用在低研发补贴和低税收优惠的企业中更加显著。此外,知识产权行政保护通过促进企业数字化转型提高了企业全要素生产率。本文认为在建设中国特色和世界水平的知识产权强国背景下,应当充分发挥知识产权行政保护的优势,不断激发企业创新活力,加快推动数字经济与实体经济深度融合,为我国经济高质量发展注入强大动能。

The digital economy has become an important engine for high⁃quality development in China,a key driving force for deepening supply⁃side structural reforms,and a major support for enhancing economic resilience.The corporate digital transformation is the foundation of digital economic development.However,the confirmation of digital asset rights and interests is a weak link and institutional barrier in the corporate digital transformation.From the perspective of property types,both digital asset rights and interests and intellectual property rights(IPR)belong to intangible property rights and interests and have the unique attributes of“object sharing and benefit exclusion”.At the same time,the adjustment targets,institutional goals,and current protection models of IPR are closely related to the protection of digital assets.Therefore,laws,regulations,and institutions related to IPR provide a basic basis and reference for the confirmation,exercise,and protection of corporate digital asset rights and interests.In the digital age,IPR infringement has the characteristics of concealment,complexity,and diversification,bringing new challenges to the efficiency of IPR protection.Compared with judicial protection,administrative protection of IPR has the advantages of specialization,high efficiency,direct and rapid measures,relative simplicity,and lower costs.It serves as the first line of defense in IPR protection and a“diversion valve”for judicial protection.Therefore,this paper takes A⁃share listed companies in China as samples and investigates the impact and mechanism of administrative protection of IPR on corporate digital transformation from a cross⁃provincial comparative perspective.This paper finds that administrative protection of IPR can significantly promote digital transformation.In addition,strengthening the administrative protection of IPR can significantly increase corporate R&D expenditures and patent applications in the field of the digital economy.This paper also finds that administrative protection of IPR,judicial protection,and social services synergistically strengthen the full⁃chain protection of IPR.The promoting effect of administrative protection of IPR on digital transformation is more significant in enterprises with low R&D subsidies and low tax incentives.In addition,administrative protection of IPR improves total factor productivity by promoting digital transformation.This paper's contributions are mainly reflected in the following aspects.Firstly,against the background of building a digital China,this paper comprehensively analyzes the mechanism of how administrative protection of IPR promotes digital transformation.Secondly,from the perspective of administrative protection of IPR,this paper enriches the empirical research on factors influencing digital transformation.Thirdly,taking digital transformation as the research perspective,this paper verifies the synergistic effect of administrative protection of IPR,judicial protection,and social services on digital transformation.This paper offers the following implications.Firstly,we suggest strengthening the administrative protection of IPR,fully leveraging the efficiency advantages of administrative protection,facilitating the empowerment of the digital economy to the real economy,and further enhancing China's digital economy's innovation capabilities and sustained competitiveness.Secondly,we suggest strengthening the full⁃chain protection of IPR,to embark on a distinctive path of IPR development tailored to China's needs and driven by the objective of Chinese modernization,and expedite the establishment of a capable IPR force worldwide.Thirdly,the government should focus on the confirmation of digital asset rights and interests to safeguard digital asset rights and interests and accelerate the establishment of the data property rights system by conducting research on data asset valuation and establishing a data element allocation mechanism based on value contribution.