北京市房山区老年慢性病患者用药依从性及影响因素分析

Analysis of medication compliance and influencing factors among elderly patients with chronic diseases in Fangshan district,Beijing

目的探讨老年慢性病患者用药依从性及影响因素,为提高老年慢性病患者治疗效果提供依据。方法2022年2-5月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法对居住在北京市房山区的老年慢性病患者进行用药依从性调查,分析老年慢性病患者的一般情况、患病情况、用药情况对用药依从性的影响。结果1014名老年慢性病患者中,607人(59.86%)用药依从性好。其中,60~69岁、初中及以上学历、家庭人均月收入≥1000元/月、跌倒次数为0次、无视力障碍、无听力障碍的老年慢性病患者用药依从性好的比例分别高于年龄≥70岁、小学及文盲、家庭人均月收入<1000元/月、近1年内跌倒次数≥1次、有视力障碍、有听力障碍的老年慢性病患者(P均<0.001);多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=0.030,95%CI:0.019~0.047)、学历(OR=7.663,95%CI:5.032~11.670)、家庭人均月收入(OR=1.610,95%CI:1.076~2.407)、跌倒次数(OR=0.281,95%CI:0.163~0.485)是老年慢性病患者用药依从性的影响因素。结论北京市房山区老年慢性病患者用药依从性有待提高,应根据影响因素进行干预。

Objective To exploring the medication compliance and influencing factors among elderly patients with chronic diseases so as to provide a basis for improving the treatment effective of elderly patients with chronic diseases.Methods From February to May 2022,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a medication compliance survey on elderly chronic disease patients residing in Fangshan District,Beijing.The study analyzed the general status,illness,and medication status of elderly chronic disease patients and their impact on medication compliance.Results Of the 1 O14 elderly chronic disease patients,607 had good medication compliance,accounting for 59.86%.Among them,the proportions of patients having good medication compliance aged 60 to 69 years old,with a junior high school education or above,a family monthly income of≥1000 per capita yuan/month,the number of falls equaling to zero,no visual impairment,and no hearing impairment were higher than those aged≥70 years old,with primary school and illiterate,a family monthly income of<1000 yuan/month per capita,number of falls≥Itimes,visual impaiment,and hearing impairment,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.001);multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age(0R=0.030,95%CI:0.019-0.047),educational attainment(OR=7.663,95%CI:5.032-11.670),monthly income per capita(OR=1.610,95%CI:1.076-2.407),and number of falls(OR=0.281,95%Cl:0.163-0.485)were the influencing factors for medication compliance in elderly patients with chronic diseases.Conclusions The medication compliance among elderly chronic disease patients in Fangshan district,Beijing is stil low,and intervention is needed based on influencing factors.