食用菌眼蕈蚊的分类鉴定及温度对其生长发育的影响

Identification of a sciarid fly on edible mushrooms and the effect of temperature on its growth

眼蕈蚊是甘肃省食用菌种植区的主要害虫,为探明当地食用菌生产中常见眼蕈蚊的种类,对采自该省定西市食用菌上的眼蕈蚊成虫进行了形态学鉴定和基于线粒体COⅠ基因的分子鉴定,并观察记录了室内不同温度条件下各虫态的发育历期。结果表明,在平菇大棚中采集到的眼蕈蚊为厉眼蕈蚊(Lycoriella ingenua);各虫态发育历期均随温度升高而变短,温度对发育历期的影响显著;厉眼蕈蚊卵、幼虫、蛹、卵-蛹的发育起点温度分别为3.49、6.09、7.50、5.94℃,有效积温分别为102.88、211.97、52.48、364.21 d·℃。本研究结果可为食用菌厉眼蕈蚊的测报与防治提供理论依据。

Sciarids are the m ain pest affecting edible fungi in Gansu Province.In this study,we conducted both a morphological analysis and a molecular identification focusing on the mitochondrial COⅠgene of adult sciarid flies collected from edible mushrooms in Dingxi City,Gansu Province.We also observed and recorded the period of each developmental stage under different temperature conditions indoors.The results identified the collected flies as Lycoriella ingenua.The duration of each developmental stage decreased as the temperature rose,and the influence of temperature on the development of this insect was significant.The cumulative temperatures for eggs,larvae,pupae,and the immature stage of L.ingenua were 102.88,211.97,52.48,and 364.21 degree-days Celsius,respectively.The developmental threshold temperatures for L.ingenua were 3.49℃for eggs,6.09℃for larvae,7.50°C for pupae,and 5.94℃for the immature stage.These results can provide a theoretical foundation for the prediction and integrated control of L.ingenua.