主轴锥孔复合加工技术的研究

Research on the Combined Machining of the Spindle Taper Hole

从企业的实际应用出发,针对主轴生产过程中锥孔加工的问题,提出复合加工机床的设计思路以及优化的锥孔加工工艺。在分析常用主轴锥孔加工工艺的基础上,研究主轴锥孔复合机床的设计。利用有限元分析,从不同的机床结构中得出优化的复合机床结构,结果表明优化后的机床结构满足锥孔加工的受力需求。通过机床配套数控系统功能分析以及工装夹具的应用,对机床数控加工中的工艺路径进行优化,提升主轴锥孔复合机床加工主轴的性能,特别是提升了锥孔的加工精度。用圆度仪检测锥孔误差,误差小于0.002 mm,满足加工要求。结果表明:利用有限元分析能提高机床结构的受力性能;通过分析数控系统的功能,可以优化锥孔的加工工艺,为其他相关轴类零件加工设备的设计以及加工工艺的设计提供参考。

Based on the practical application of enterprises,a design concept and optimized cone hole processing technology for composite machining machine tools is proposed in response to the problem of cone hole processing in the spindle production process.Based on the analysis of commonly used spindle taper hole processing technology,the design of spindle taper hole composite machine tools is studied.By using the finite element analysis,the optimized composite machine tool structure is obtained from different machine tool structural forms.The results shows that the optimized machine tool structure meet the stress requirements of taper hole processing.Through the functional analysis of the CNC system for the machine tool and the application of fixtures,the process path in CNC machining of the machine tool has been optimized,the performance of the spindle cone hole composite machine tool in machining the spindle is improved,especially the machining accuracy of the cone hole is improved.A roundness tester is used to measure the error size of the conical hole,with an error of less than 0.002 mm,which meeting the processing requirements.The results show that by using the finite element analysis,the mechanical performance of machine tool structures can be improved,the machining process of conical holes can be optimized through functional analysis of CNC systems,which provides reference for the design of machining equipment and process design for other related shaft parts.