大学生童年期处境不利与情绪症状、亲社会行为之间的关系

The Relationship between Childhood Disadvantage,Emotional Symptoms and Prosocial Behavior of College Students

目的:探讨大学生童年期不同类型处境不利与情绪症状、亲社会行为之间的关系,为研究不同类型处境不利对情绪症状、亲社会行为的不同影响机制提供参考。方法:采用方便抽样选取梅州、潮州、珠海几所高校在校大学生进行调查,包括人口统计学特征、童年期处境不利、情绪症状、亲社会行为。使用卡方检验分析大学生处境不利及情绪症状、亲社会行为的发生率、线性回归分析不同类型处境不利对情绪症状、亲社会行为的影响。结果:大学生威胁处境不利检出率为17.2%(118名),剥夺处境不利的检出率为29.5%(203名)。在性别上,威胁的发生率有统计学意义,男生的发生率(24.03%)高于的女生(13.05%);在是否曾有留守经历上,威胁和剥夺的发生率都有统计学意义,有留守经历的大学生处境不利发生率(威胁:26.03%;剥夺:45.38%)高于没有留守经历的大学生(威胁:15.3%;剥夺:26.23%)。威胁主要预测了情绪症状,女生组(13%)的贡献率大于男生组(8.3%);剥夺主要预测亲社会行为,男生组(3%)贡献率高于女生组(1.1%)。结论:不同类型的处境不利对情绪症状、亲社会行为有不同的影响,且在性别上有统计学意义。

Objective:To explore the relationship between different types of childhood disadvantage,emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior of college students,and to provide reference for the study of different influencing mechanisms of different types of disadvantage on emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior.Methods:Convenient sampling was used to select college students in Meizhou,Chaozhou,Zhuhai,including demographic characteristics,childhood disadvantage,emotional symptoms,and prosocial behavior.Chi-square test was used to analyze the incidence of childhood disadvantaged and emotional symptoms,and prosocial behavior of college students,and linear regression was used to analyze the influence of different types of childhood disadvantaged on emotional symptoms,and prosocial behavior.Results:The rate of threat disadvantage was 17.2%(118 students),and that of deprivation disadvantage was 29.5%(203 students).There was a significant difference in gender,and the incidence rate of male students(24.03%)was higher than that of female students(13.05%).There are significant differences in threat and deprivation in college students with left-behind experience.The incidence of college students with left-behind experience(threat:26.03%;Deprivation:45.38%)higher than unleft-behind experience(threat:15.3%;Deprivation:26.23%).Threat mainly predicted emotional symptoms,and the contribution rate of female students(13%)was higher than that of male students(8.3%).Deprivation was a major predictor of prosocial behavior,with male(3%)contributing more to prosocial behavior than female(1.1%).Conclusion:Different types of disadvantage have different influence on emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior,and there is gender difference.