莱茵河两百年治理历程对我国河流生态修复相关工作的启示

Inspiration of the two-hundred-year management history of the Rhine River for the river restoration in China

由于自然因素和人类活动对河流生态系统造成胁迫,河流生态修复成为保护生态系统的重要手段。莱茵河作为西欧第一大河,经历了河道整治—坝工建设—污染治理—生态修复—系统提升5个阶段、近两百年的治理历程。保护莱茵河国际委员会成立后,组织协调沿岸国家制定明确的目标并采取科学的河流生态修复措施,修复工作取得良好成效。本研究通过梳理莱茵河治理历程,系统总结莱茵河生态修复实践的成功经验,提出对我国河流生态修复相关工作的启示。

Due to the coercion of river ecosystems caused by natural factors and human activities,river restoration has become an important means to protect the ecosystem.As the largest river in Western Europe,the Rhine River has gone through five stages of river training,dam construction,pollution control,ecological restoration and system enhancement,and has been undergoing treatment for nearly 200 years.After the establishment of the international commission for the protection of the Rhine River,the commission has organised and coordinated the riparian countries to set clear goals and adopt scientific ecological restoration measures,and the restoration work has achieved good results.This study summarises the successful experience of the ecological restoration of the Rhine River through the course of the Rhine River s governance,and puts forward the inspiration for the ecological restoration of the river in China.