金融科技公司算法风险的体系化治理:欧美比较治理视角

Comparative Governance in Europe and the U.S.:Systematic Management of Algorithmic Risks in FinTech Companies

在人工智能时代背景下,各类算法技术快速兴起并深度嵌入金融科技公司,成为驱动金融科技公司创新发展的重要基础。然而,算法技术具有双面性,亦会给金融科技公司衍生相应的算法风险,包括算法垄断风险、算法黑箱风险、算法歧视风险,亟待对其开展体系化治理。通过采用比较研究方法,文章发现欧美金融科技公司算法风险体系化治理的核心要素在于算法的协同性(破解算法风险的主体要素)、算法的公开透明性(破解算法风险的过程要素)、算法的可问责性(破解算法风险的责任要素)。基于我国实情,文章有选择地借鉴欧美治理经验,认为我国可以构建金融科技公司算法风险的体系化治理,包括:创建一元多层算法协同治理体系,丰富破除算法风险的主体要素;推进算法公开透明机制建设,夯实破解算法风险的过程要素;强化金融科技公司的法律责任,完善数据保护与算法的可问责性。

In the age of artificial intelligence,the surge of algorithmic technologies in fintech companies is a critical driver of innovation.Yet,these technologies bring inherent risks,such as monopolistic behaviors,opacity(black box issues),and discriminatory outcomes,necessitating systematic governance,Comparative studies of Europe and the U.S.indicate that effective man-agement of algorithmic risks involves collaborative algorithms(addressing risk factors),algorithmic transparency(process-oriented solutions),and accountability(responsibility enforcement).China,reflecting on its unique context and drawing from Western experiences,can establish a systematic governance framework for algorithmic risks in fintech companies by:creating a unified,multi-tiered system for algorithmic collaboration to tackle risk factors;enhancing algorithm transparency mechanisms to strengthen process-oriented solutions;and intensifying legal accountability for data protection and algorithm operations within fintech companies.