三种检测方法诊断分枝杆菌感染的效果分析

Analysis of the effects of three detection methods on diagnosis of mycobacterium infection

目的分析PCR-荧光探针法、BD960液体培养法和直接涂片荧光染色法诊断分枝杆菌感染的效果。方法选取2021年1月至2021年4月在广西壮族自治区胸科医院就诊的104例疑似分枝杆菌感染者作为研究对象,以BD960液体培养法为参照,评估PCR-荧光探针法和直接涂片荧光染色法检测分枝杆菌的检验效能。结果104例疑似分枝杆菌病患者的标本中,BD960液体培养法检测结果与PCR-荧光探针法及直接涂片荧光染色法比较差异均有统计学意义(P=0.013,P<0.001)。结论PCR-荧光探针法和BD960液体培养法可以快速诊断结核分枝杆菌(MTB)和非结核分枝杆菌(NTM),但当MTB和NTM混合生长时,只能表达MTB,有检测局限性,有待进一步提高。直接涂片荧光染色法检出率低,但是操作简单、快速、价格低廉,适合基层实验室进行初步鉴定。

Objective To analyze the diagnostic effects of polymerase chain reaction(PCR)fluorescence probe method,BD960 liquid culture method and direct smear fluorescence staining method on mycobacterium infection.Methods From January 2021 to April 2021,104 patients with suspected mycobacterium who visited the doctors infection in Chest Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were selected as the research subjects.The BD960 liquid culture method was used as the reference to evaluate the detection efficiency of PCR-fluorescence probe method and direct smear fluorescence staining method in detection of mycobacteria.Results In the specimens of the 104 patients with suspected mycobacterial disease,there were significant differences in the detection results between the BD960 liquid culture method and PCR-fluorescent probe method,and between the BD960 liquid culture method and the direct smear fluorescence staining method(P=0.013,P<0.001).Conclusion The PCR-fluorescent probe method and the BD960 liquid culture method can quickly diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)and nontuberculosis mycobacteria(NTM).However,when MTB and NTM grow together,only MTB can be expressed,which has detection limitations and needs to be further improved.The detection rate of the direct smear fluorescence staining method is low,but the detection method is simple,rapid and cheap,and is suitable for preliminary identification in basic laboratories.