衰弱综合征及其中医传统功法干预的研究进展

Research Progress on Frailty and Its Traditional Chinese Medicine Functional Exercise Intervention

衰弱综合征是指老年人所特有的生理储备不足而出现的机体抗应激反应能力减退、脆弱性增加的非特异性状态,由多系统参与、多种功能紊乱失调所导致。其病理过程主要包括慢性炎症持续作用于机体,继而出现氧化应激、内分泌系统及免疫系统功能紊乱等。随着我国老龄化进程的加快,衰弱综合征的患病率逐年增加,增加了老年人跌倒、致残率、住院率和死亡的风险。对衰弱综合征目前尚无公认的标准化干预措施,主要干预手段包括抗阻运动、营养宣教、激素类药物治疗、多学科个性化的老年综合管理及中医药干预,不同的干预方法对衰弱综合征均能够取得一定的效果,但亦有其相应的局限性。本研究对衰弱综合征的流行病学、发病机制、常见干预手段和中医传统功法干预几个方面的研究进展作一综述,并在此基础上阐述中医药干预治疗衰弱综合征的优势和所面临的问题,以期为临床治疗提供借鉴。

Frailty syndrome refers to the nonspecific state of the body′s reduced stress resistance and increased vulnerability due to the lack of physiological reserves unique to the elderly.Frailty syndrome is caused by multi-system involvement and a variety of dysfunctions and disorders,and its pathological process mainly includes the persistent effect of chronic inflammation on the body,oxidative stress,endocrine system,and immune system dysfunction.With the acceleration of the aging process in China,the prevalence of frailty syndrome is increasing year by year,which increases the risk of falls,disability,hospitalization and death in the elderly.There is no recognized standardized intervention for the treatment of frailty syndrome,which mainly includes resistance exercise,nutritional education,hormonal drugs,multidisciplinary personalized geriatric integrated management and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)intervention.Different intervention methods can achieve certain effects on frailty syndrome,but also have their corresponding limitations.This study summarizes the epidemiology,pathogenesis,common interventions and traditional Chinese medicine functional exercise interventions,and expounds the advantages and problems of traditional Chinese medicine functional exercise interventions in the treatment of frailty syndrome,with a view to providing reference for clinical treatment.