绒毛膜下血肿研究进展

Research Progress Of Subchorionic Hematoma

妊娠时期绒毛膜板和底蜕膜分离出血并积聚形成了绒毛膜下血肿(SCH)。超声是其主要诊断方法,1981年Mantoni等首次报道了绒毛膜下血肿的超声诊断。绒毛膜下血肿的超声表现为胎膜外的无回声区或低回声区。轻型SCH在孕早期中往往更为普遍,其发生的高峰点为孕9~11周。绒毛膜下血肿的病因尚未明确。近年来,SCH在妊娠过程中的发生率有上升趋势,为了降低不良妊娠结局的发生率,明确诊断SCH并提供合适的治疗方案及有效的预后评估十分必要。本文对绒毛膜下血肿的病因、诊断、治疗及预后进行总结,帮助临床识别可能引起不良妊娠结局的高危患者,并提供治疗,改善预后。

Subchorionic hematoma(SCH)is the separation of the chorionic plate and basal decidua during pregnancy.Blood accumulates between the basal decidua and the chorionic plate,and the hematoma gradually forms.Ultrasound is the main diagnostic method.In1981,Mantoni et al.First reported the ultrasonic diagnosis of subchorionic hematoma.The sonographic features of subchorionic hematoma were anechoic or hypoechoic areas outside the fetal membrane.Mild Sch is more common in early pregnancy,and its peak point is 9-11 weeks of pregnancy.The etiology of subchorionic hematoma is not clear.In recent years,the incidence of SCH during pregnancy has been on the rise.To minimize the likelihood of negative pregnancy results,it is imperative to diagnose SCH and furnish suitable treatment and successful prognosis.This review summarizes the etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of subchorionic hematoma to comprehensively understand the disease,help clinical identification of high-risk patients that may cause adverse pregnancy outcomes,and provide treatment to improve prognosis.