江苏盐城湿地野化放归丹顶鹤后代参与迁徙的间接证据

Indirect Evidence of Migration of the Offspring of Reintroduced Red-crowned Cranes in Yancheng Wetland,Jiangsu Province

2023年3月2日,在江苏盐城湿地珍禽国家级自然保护区观察到2只1龄丹顶鹤幼鹤离开亲鸟,加入到当地野生丹顶鹤迁徙集群,并随鹤群一起向北方繁殖地迁飞。根据丹顶鹤生活史规律,这一发现为野化放归丹顶鹤后代参与迁徙提供了间接证据。持续监测发现,在盐城保护区野化放归的BJZ001(♀)和BJZ008(♀)丹顶鹤家庭繁殖的8只雏鸟,每年4、5月在江苏盐城湿地出生后,均存活至11月以后。翌年2、3月,盐城保护区的越冬丹顶鹤迁徙集群,从盐城湿地出发飞往北方繁殖地的时候,这些前一年出生的幼鹤均在该时间节点突然消失,盐城保护区仅能观察到未迁徙的BJZ001和BJZ008个体及其配偶。结合丹顶鹤生活史规律,这一现象进一步印证了在盐城保护区野化放归丹顶鹤的8只后代,已加入到当地野生越冬丹顶鹤的迁徙集群,参与了春季迁徙。野化放归丹顶鹤后代参与迁徙,对丹顶鹤西部迁徙种群的保护意义重大。

Two 1-year-old young red-crowned cranes Grus japonensis were observed in Yancheng Rare Birds National Nature Wetland Reserve,Jiangsu Province on March 2,2023.They left their parents and joined the local wild migration flock,migrating to the northern breeding ground.According to the life history of G.japonensis,this finding provides indirect evidence for the involvement of the offspring of reintroduced G.japonensis in migration.Continuous monitoring showed that the eight young birds bred in the families of G.japonensis BJZ001(♀)and BJZ008(♀)released in Yancheng Reserve survived until November after being born in April and May.In February and March of the next year,when the migration flock of wintering G.japonensis in Yancheng Nature Reserve departed from Yancheng Wetland to the northern breeding ground,all the young cranes born in the previous year suddenly disappeared at this time.Only the unmigrated BJZ001 and BJZ008 individuals and their spouses could be observed in Yancheng Nature Reserve.Combined with the life history of G.japonensis,this phenomenon further confirms that the eight offspring of wild G.japonensis reintroduced in Yancheng Nature Reserve have joined the migration flock of local wild overwintering G.japonensis and participated in the spring migration.It is of great significance for the conservation of the western migratory population of G.japonensis that the offspring of the reintroduced G.japonensis to participate in the migration.