不同IAA和6-BA质量浓度组合对甘薯茎尖培养和表型变异的影响

Effect of Combinations with Different Concentrations of IAA and 6⁃BA on Shoot Tip Culture and Phenotypic Variation of Sweetpotato

以甘薯品种烟薯29号的茎尖为外植体,MS培养基为基本培养基,研究不同质量浓度IAA(0.1、0.5 mg/L)和6-BA(0.1、0.5、1.0 mg/L)组合下愈伤组织诱导、芽分化、植株再生和表型变异情况。结果表明,MS培养基中IAA质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时对烟薯29号愈伤组织的诱导效果最佳,且利于茎尖成活,在此质量浓度下,平均愈伤组织诱导率和茎尖成活率分别达到了92.00%和88.00%。芽诱导率和丛生芽率随着培养基中6-BA质量浓度的升高总体上增加,在IAA质量浓度为0.1 mg/L的处理中,平均芽诱导率和丛生芽率分别达到了64.27%和80.56%。MS培养基中IAA质量浓度为0.5 mg/L时有利于植株再生,平均植株再生率达到了39.33%,在此质量浓度下,植株再生率和成苗数均随着6-BA质量浓度的升高而增加,成苗周期随着6-BA质量浓度的升高而缩短。烟薯29号的再生植株中出现了1株无性系变异植株,命名为YM6-11,其叶脉色、花冠形状和杂交亲和性与烟薯29号相比发生了改变。综上,烟薯29号茎尖培养最佳培养基组成为MS+0.5 mg/L IAA+1.0 mg/L 6-BA,将获得的再生植株用于实际生产时,应进行表型和遗传学鉴定,及早发现变异植株,减少不必要的经济损失。

The shoot tips of sweetpotato variety Yanshu 29 were used as explants and MS medium as basic medium to study the callus induction,buds differentiation,plants regeneration and phenotypic variation under different concentrations of indole‐3‐acetic acid(IAA)(0.1 and 0.5 mg/L)and 6‐benzylaminopurine(6‐BA)(0.1,0.5 and 1.0 mg/L).The results showed that when the IAA concentration in the basic MS medium was 0.5 mg/L,the callus induction effect was the best,shoot tip survival rate was the highest,and the average callus induction rate and shoot tip survival rate of Yanshu 29 were 92.00%and 88.00%,respectively.The bud induction rate and tufted buds induction rate generally increased with the increase of 6‐BA concentration in the medium.Under 0.1 mg/L IAA,the average induction rate of buds and tufted buds reached 64.27%and 80.56%,respectively.Addition of 0.5 mg/L IAA in medium was beneficial to plants regeneration,with the average plant regeneration rate of 39.33%;under this IAA concentration,the plant regeneration rate and number of regeneration plant increased,and plant regeneration cycle decreased with the increase of 6‐BA concentration.A somaclonal variation line,named YM6‐11,was found from regeneration plants,and its leaf vein color,flower shape and cross‐compatibility were different compared with Yanshu 29.In conclusion,the most suitable medium for shoot tip culture of Yanshu 29 is MS+0.5 mg/L IAA+1.0 mg/L 6‐BA,and the phenotypic and genetic identification should be performed when the regenerated plants are used for actual production,so as to reduce unnecessary economic losses.