武夷山国家公园及其周边地区生态安全时空变化

Spatial⁃temporal changes of ecological security in Wuyishan National Park and its surrounding areas

生态安全是一个地区可持续发展的前提,开展国家公园生态安全研究对提高生态系统服务价值,促进生态保护和社会经济高质量发展具有重要意义。基于2010年、2015年、2020年、2021年、2022年共5年社会经济统计数据、实地调查数据,采用结合了专家咨询法及熵权法的综合权重法,参考压力-状态-响应(PSR)模型,选取了生态条件、生态资源、灾害指标、人口指标、经济建设、生态维护6个类型24个指标建立了生态安全评价指标体系,对武夷山国家公园及其所在行政区进行了生态安全评价。结果表明:(1)武夷山国家公园及其周边地区2010—2022年的平均生态安全指数为0.4616,呈逐年上升趋势;(2)武夷山国家公园生态安全指数最高,年均值达到0.5069,呈逐步上升趋势,年平均增幅达1.01%;建阳区生态安全指数最低,年均值仅为0.4283,但其增幅较为明显,年平均增幅达1.40%;(3)武夷山国家公园、武夷山市和建阳区的生态安全指数呈显著的稳步增长的趋势,铅山县的增长未达到显著水平,光泽县和邵武市则呈现并不显著的波动下降状态。针对上述变化情况提出建议:武夷山国家公园可以通过加强区域合作,推动周边地区的生态安全提升,并根据武夷山国家公园周边地区的自身特点,针对性地制定生态发展策略,缩小周边地区的生态安全差距。

Ecological security is a prerequisite for sustainable development in a region.Conducting research on ecological security in national parks is of great significance in enhancing ecosystem services,promoting ecological protection,and achieving high-quality socio-economic development.This study is based on the social and economic statistical data and field survey data from 2010,2015,2020,2021,and 2022,using the comprehensive weighting method combined with the expert consultation method and entropy weight method,and referring to the Pressure-State-Response(PSR)model.24 indicators was selected from six categories,including ecological conditions,ecological resources,disaster indicators,population indicators,economic construction,and ecological maintenance,to establish an ecological security evaluation index system and assess the ecological security of Wuyishan National Park and its administrative areas.The results show that:(1)The average ecological security index of Wuyishan National Park and its surrounding areas from 2010 to 2022 is 0.4616,showing an upward trend year by year;(2)The ecological security index of Wuyishan National Park is the highest,with an annual average of 0.5069,showing a gradual upward trend and an average annual increase of 1.01%;Jianyang District has the lowest ecological security index,with an annual average of only 0.4283,but its increase rate is significant,with an average annual increase rate of 1.40%;(3)The ecological security index of Wuyishan National Park,Wuyishan City,and Jianyang District showed a significant and steady growth trend,while the growth of Yanshan County did not reach a significant level,while Guangze County and Shaowu City showed a non-significant downward fluctuation.In response to the above changes,suggestions are made that Wuyishan National Park can enhance the ecological security of surrounding areas by strengthening regional cooperation,and formulate targeted ecological development strategies based on the characteristics of the surrounding areas of Wuyishan National Park to narrow the ecological security gap in the surrounding areas.