农田生境对大熊猫国家公园鸟类多样性的维持作用

The role of cropland in maintaining bird diversity in Giant Panda National Park

农田生境被认为保护价值低,常被排除在自然保护地外。保护地内农田生境对生物多样性维持的价值和作用,现尚缺乏科学评估。2022年6月——2023年7月,对大熊猫国家公园成都片区农田生境的鸟类资源进行了调查,共调查记录鸟类12目44科151种4025只,国家重点保护野生鸟类19种,中国特有鸟类9种。鸟类物种丰富度和多度均以林鸟最为丰富,其次为广布型鸟。在不同食性鸟类组成中,以食虫鸟类物种丰富度和多度最丰富,其后依次为杂食性食植性。结果表明大熊猫国家公园成都片区农田生境鸟类多样性较高,同时对食虫鸟类和杂食性鸟类多样性的维持具有重要作用。建议在保护地建设和管理时合理保留其内的农田及传统自然村落,以示范人与自然和谐和传承当地的传统耕作文化。

Cropland habitats are considered to be of low conservation value and are often excluded from natural protected areas.There is a lack of scientific assessment of the value and role of cropland habitats in biodiversity maintenance within protected areas.From June 2022 to July 2023,a survey was conducted on the bird resources in the cropland habitat of Chengdu Area of Giant Panda National Park.A total of 4,025 birds of 151 species,44 families and 12 orders,19 species of wild birds under state key protection and 9 species endemic to China were recorded.The richness and abundance of bird species were most abundant in forest birds,followed by widespread birds.Among the different feeding birds,the species richness and abundance of insectivorous birds were the most abundant,followed by omnivorous herbivorous birds.The results showed that there was a high diversity of birds in the cropland habitat in Chengdu area of Giant Panda National Park,and it played an important role in maintaining the diversity of insectivorous birds and omnivorous birds.It is suggested that cropland and traditional natural villages should be preserved reasonably in the construction and management of protected areas,so as to demonstrate the harmony between man and nature and inherit the local traditional farming culture.