夏玉米穗期虫害、粒腐穗发生动态调查及防治分析

Dynamic Investigation and Control Analysis of Insect Pests and Grain Rot during Summer Corn Ear Stage

对不同品种穗期虫害、粒腐穗进行动态调查,结果显示,4代棉铃虫幼虫虫量高峰期在8月25日,3代玉米螟幼虫虫量高峰期在9月1日,棉铃虫虫量高峰比玉米螟早7 d左右。粒腐穗在8月25日开始出现,随后数量呈直线上升趋势,直至收获。品种间粒腐穗数量的变化趋势与棉铃虫、玉米螟总虫量变化趋势一致,粒腐穗发生由棉铃虫、玉米螟为害所致。劳氏黏虫在穗部有较高的虫量,可能会成为今后玉米穗期常见的新发害虫。穗期粒腐穗及虫害的防治应加强前代虫害防治,以减少下代穗期虫源数量,可以采取选择抗虫品种、提早播期的农业措施。

Through dynamic investigation of different varieties ear stage pests and grain rot,the results showed that the peak of the 4th generation Helicoverpa armigera larvae was on August 25 th,and the peak of the 3rd generation Pyrausta nubilalis larvae was on September 1st.The peak of the Helicoverpa armigera population was about 7 days earlier than the Pyrausta nubilalis.Grain rot ears began to appear on August 25 th,followed by a linear increase in quantity until harvest.The trend of changes in the number of kernel rot ears among varieties is consistent with the total number of Helicoverpa armigeras and Pyrausta nubilalis.The cause of kernel rot ears was caused by the damage of Helicoverpa armigera and Pyrausta nubilalis.Leucania loreyi Duponchel has a high population in the ear and may become a common new pest during the corn ear stage in the future.The prevention and control of grain rot and insect pests during the ear stage should strengthen the prevention and control of previous generation insect pests to reduce the number of insect sources in the next ear stage.Agricultural measures such as insect resistant varieties and early sowing dates can be considered.