山东省济宁市大雾天气气候特征分析

Analysis of Climatic Characteristics of Heavy Fog Weather in Jining,Shandong Province

利用山东济宁11个国家气象观测站点10年(2005—2014)的地面观测资料,运用统计分析的方法分析济宁市大雾的气候特征。结果表明:济宁11个县(市、区)大雾天气的逐月变化可分成4种类型,共同特征是6月份发生大雾天气最少,这与济宁夏季降水较多有关;在地理分布上,济宁大雾天气自西北向东南减少,说明大雾的发生与地势有关系;济宁大雾天气在全年所有月份均有发生,但秋冬季大雾天气日数占72%、夏季仅占13%,这与秋冬季逆温增多有关。济宁市大雾天气与风速和降水有密切关系。以上结果可为济宁市大雾天气的防灾减灾提供参考。

Using ground observation data from 11 national meteorological observation stations in Jining,Shandong Province over a period of 10 years(2005 to 2014),the climate characteristics of heavy fog in the Jining area were analyzed using statistical analysis methods.The results showed that the monthly changes of heavy fog weather in 11 counties(cities,districts)of Jining can be divided into four types.The common feature is that June has the least occurrence of heavy fog weather,which is related to more summer precipitation in Jining;In terms of geographical distribution,the heavy fog weather in Jining decreases from northwest to southeast,indicating that the occurrence of heavy fog is related to the terrain;The heavy fog weather in Jining occurs in all months of the year,but the number of days with heavy fog in autumn and winter accounts for 72%,and in summer only accounts for 13%,which is related to the increase in inversion in autumn and winter.The fog weather in Jining is closely related to wind speed and precipitation.The above results can provide reference for the prevention and mitigation of fog in Jining.