我国设施农业土壤生态存在的问题及其解决措施

Research Progress on Soil Degradation and Regulation of Facility Agriculture in China

由于设施农业可以大幅度提高生产力水平,近年来我国的设施农业得到大规模发展。设施农业快速发展的同时存在长期密集重茬种植和过量使用化肥农药等现象,加上设施农业需要高温高湿、缺乏雨水淋溶的环境条件,共同导致设施农业的土壤出现退化。综述了目前设施农业土壤存在的土壤养分失调、土壤酸化、土壤次生盐渍化、土壤生物环境恶化和土壤污染6个方面的退化问题和成因,并简述了不同的设施土壤修复技术,为控制设施农业土壤生态环境退化提供思路。

Since facility agriculture can significantly increase agricultural productivity,facility agriculture in China was developing rapidly.Long-term continuous cultivation and excessive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides,as well as high temperature and high humidity and lack of rainwater drenching in facility agriculture,have led to degradation of soil quality in facility agriculture.This paper reviewed the current status of research on soil nutrient disorders,soil acidification,soil secondary salinization,soil bioenvironmental degradation and soil pollution in facility agriculture,and briefly describes different facility soil remediation techniques to provide directions for controlling soil ecological degradation in facility agriculture.