放射性废水处理中聚酰胺复合膜辐射效应研究进展

Radiation effect of polyamide thin film composite membrane in the radioactive wastewater treatment

聚酰胺复合膜可被用于反渗透、正渗透、纳滤等水处理工艺,近年来在放射性废水处理中越来越受青睐。辐射是放射性废水区别于常规废水的显著特征,对有机分离膜稳定性提出了很大挑战。本文在分析放射性废水辐射源项的基础上,介绍了辐射对聚酰胺复合膜表面颜色、分离性能、微观结构、表面功能基团与氢键、亲水性、元素组成、力学性能等方面的影响,探讨了辐射诱导膜材料再交联和降解的反应机理,分析了聚酰胺复合膜处理放射性废水的可行性。最后,提出了聚酰胺复合膜辐射效应研究需要关注的几个问题。本文研究的聚酰胺复合膜辐射效应结论对于分析辐射对复合膜结构和性能的影响、探索有机分离膜的辐射损伤机理、开展耐辐射有机分离膜设计具有重要的参考价值。

Polyamide thin film composite membranes usually are applied for water treatment processes such as reverse osmosis,forward osmosis and nanofiltration,and have been paid great attention in the radioactive wastewater treatment.Radiation which is a special characteristic for the radioactive wastewater compared to the traditional wastewater has challenged the stability of the organic separation membrane.This study started from the source analysis of the radioactive wastewater,and introduced the radiation effect on the surface color,separation performance,microstructure,surface functional groups and hydrogen bonds,hydrophilicity,element composition and mechanical properties.Then,the crosslinking and degradation mechanism of membrane material induced by radiation was discussed,and the feasibility of the radioactive wastewater treatment by polyamide membrane was analyzed.Finally,several problems related to radiation effect of polyamide thin film composite membrane were proposed.The radiation effect of polyamide composite membrane studied in this paper had a significant reference value in the analysis of effect of radiation on the structure and performance of composite membrane,exploration in the radiation damage mechanism of organic membrane and design on the radiation-resistant separation membrane.