混合营养脱氮在低C/N工业废水处理中的研究进展

Research progress of mixotrophic system in industrial wastewater of low C/N ratio

富氮工业废水中难降解的氮杂环化合物加剧了碳氮比失衡,抑制了生物脱氮工艺中硝化反硝化过程,因而探究新型处理工艺是高效处理低C/N工业废水的必由之路。混合营养脱氮技术结合异养脱氮和自养脱氮的代谢路径,优化低C/N工业废水脱氮性能,进而实现低C/N工业废水处理提质增效。本文综述了混合营养脱氮工艺中铁介导生物脱氮、硫介导生物脱氮和菌藻共生脱氮工艺的作用机理、研究进展与影响因素,阐述了三种工艺特点及不同类型低C/N工业废水的适用性,并就三种混合营养脱氮工艺中存在的问题并结合当前研究方向,从优化电子供受体和代谢路径的角度提出增大电子容量、提高电子转移速率,结合电化学体系与Fe-S耦合增强协同代谢从而提升污染物代谢性能的建议。

Since refractory nitrogen heterocyclic compounds in nitrogen-rich industrial wastewater aggravates the imbalance of carbon to nitrogen ratio and inhibits the nitrification and denitrification process in biological nitrogen removal process,exploring a new treatment process has become the inevitable course to efficiently treat low C/N industrial wastewater.Mixotrophic technology combines the metabolic pathways of heterotrophic and autotrophic nitrogen removal to optimize the nitrogen removal performance of low C/N industrial wastewater and further realizes the quality and efficiency improvement of low C/N industrial wastewater treatment.This paper reviews the mechanism,advance and influencing factors of Fe-mediated biological nitrogen removal,sulfur-mediated biological nitrogen removal and bacteria-algal symbiosis processes in mixotrophic nitrogen removal processes,and expounds the characteristics of the three processes and the applicability of different types of low C/N industrial wastewater.From the perspective of optimizing electron donor,acceptor and metabolic pathways,it is proposed to increase the electron capacity and the electron transfer rate,combining the electrochemical and coupling Fe-S system to enhance the collaborative metabolism,and improve the metabolic performance of pollutants.