多维度心理护理在失代偿期乙型病毒性肝炎肝硬化患者中的应用效果

Application effects of multidimensional psychological nursing in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis

目的:观察多维度心理护理在失代偿期乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)肝硬化患者中的应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2020年2月至2021年2月该院收治的94例失代偿期乙肝肝硬化患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各47例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施多维度心理护理。比较两组护理前后精神症状[精神症状自评量表(SCL-90)]评分、自我管理能力(肝硬化患者自我管理行为量表)评分、治疗依从性、疾病获益感[益处发现评定量表(BFS)]评分和生命质量[简明健康状况调查表(SF-36)]评分。结果:护理后,两组人际敏感、抑郁、恐怖、焦虑、躯体化、敌意、偏执、强迫、精神病性等各项SCL-90评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组饮食管理、日常生活管理、用药管理、病情监测等评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗依从性为95.74%,高于对照组的80.85%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组BFS、SF-36评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上采用多维度心理护理可提高失代偿期乙肝肝硬化患者自我管理能力评分、疾病获益感评分、生命质量评分和治疗依从性,以及降低精神症状评分的效果优于单纯常规护理效果。

Objective:To observe application effects of multidimensional psychological nursing in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods:The clinical data of 94 patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis admitted to this hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,47 cases in each.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given multidimensional psychological nursing on the basis of that of the control group.The scores of mental symptoms[symptom checklist-90(SCL-90)],the self-management ability(self-management behavior scale of cirrhosis patients),the treatment compliance,the disease benefit findings[benefit finding scale(BFS)],and the quality of life[short form health survey(SF-36)]were compared between the two groups before and after the nursing.Results:After the nursing,the SCL-90 scores of interpersonal sensitivity,depression,terror,anxiety,somatization,hostility,paranoia,compulsion and psychosis in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The scores of self-management ability such as diet management,daily life management,medication management and condition monitoring in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The treatment compliance of the observation group was 95.74%,which was higher than that of the control group(80.85%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the BFS scores and the SF-36 scores of the two groups were higher than those before the intervention,those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:On the basis of the routine nursing,the multidimensional psychological nursing can improve the self-management ability scores,the disease benefit finding scores,the quality of life scores and the treatment compliance of the patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis,and reduce the mental symptom scores.Moreover,it is superior to single routine nursing.