通风和光环境耦合作用下公路隧道交通流影响分析

Analysis of Traffic Flow in Highway Tunnel under the Coupled Effect of Ventilation and Luminous Environment

建立隧道通风模拟程序和隧道光环境仿真模型,探究多系统集成作用对隧道内司机驾驶行为的影响。隧道通风模拟以隧道一维污染物浓度分布函数为基础,通过MATLAB软件建立隧道污染物分布有限元数值求解程序,得到隧道污染物浓度分布情况。选定CO和烟尘作为典型污染物,探究污染物对司驾行为的影响机理和量化评价标准。以驾驶员健康状态作为CO浓度评判标准进行定性分析,以能见度和司机反应时间作为烟尘影响的评判标准。隧道光环境模型利用Unity3D平台建立隧道内部场景,借助VR设备开展虚拟驾驶试验,分析不同光环境下的司驾行为模式。研究揭示了隧道光环境对于司驾行为模式的影响范式,模拟结果可作为隧道通风和照明系统合理布置与节能运行的参考依据。

The tunnel ventilation simulation program and tunnel luminous environment simulation model have been created,in order to investigate how multi-system integration will affect the driving behaviors of drivers in tunnel.Tunnel ventilation simulation is underlain by the tunnel one-dimensional pollutant concentration distribution func⁃tion.The finite-element numerical solution program for tunnel pollutants concentration distribution is created by using the MATLAB software,so as to determine the pollutant concentration distribution in tunnel.CO and smoke are used as typical pollutants to investigate the mechanism by which pollutants affect driving behaviors,and to establish the quantitative evaluation criteria.Qualitative analysis is conducted by using the state of health of the driver as a crite⁃rion for CO concentration assessment,and visibility and driver′s response time are used as the criteria for assessing the impact of smoke.In the tunnel luminous environment model,the tunnel interior scene is created by using the Unity3D platform and virtual driving test is conducted by using the VR device,so as to analyze the driving behavioral patterns in various luminous environments.This study generates a model which reveals how tunnel luminous envi⁃ronment will affect driving behavioral patterns.The results of simulation can be used as reference in rationally de⁃signing the ventilation and lighting systems of tunnel and achieving energy-efficient operation of tunnel.