基于PSO算法的盾构掘进参数寻优方法及应用

Optimization Method for Shield Tunnelling Parameters Based on PSO Algorithm and Its Application

为了辅助盾构机司机驾驶盾构机,提供相应的操作建议,依托9座盾构隧道工程,选取5075101条盾构掘进状态的时间步数据,分别以盾构耗能最小和施工工期最短为决策目标,基于PSO算法对盾构机司机主动操作的刀盘转速和总推力两种掘进参数进行寻优,从而根据不同种类土的寻优范围给予司机实操建议,并对比优化前后的效果。研究发现:(1)以盾构耗能最小为决策目标优化后,刀盘转速和总推力的分布范围大幅度缩小,分布范围由大到小依次是砂层、土层和砾石层,掘进速度也有一定的提升。(2)以施工工期最短为决策目标优化后,刀盘转速的分布范围由大到小依次是土层、砂层和砾石层;总推力和掘进速度的分布范围由大到小依次是砂层、土层和砾石层。优化后能显著提高掘进速度,缩短工期。(3)以工期最短为决策目标的刀盘转速、总推力和掘进速度总体上大于以耗能最小为决策目标的刀盘转速、总推力和掘进速度。适当增加刀盘转速和总推力可以增加掘进速度,缩短施工工期。

In order to assist the driver in operating the shield machine and provide the operation suggestions,5075101 pieces of time step data of shield tunnelling are extracted from 9 shield tunnel projects,the minimized energy consump⁃tion of shield and shortest construction duration are established as the decision-making goals,and the two tunnelling parameters including rotating speed of the cutterhead and total thrust actively operated by the shield machine driver are optimized by using the PSO algorithm,so as to provide the driver with operation suggestions based on the optimi⁃zation range of various types of soil.As indicated by the comparison of the results before and after optimization in the study:(1)After optimization with the minimized energy consumption of shield being the decision-making goal,the distribution range of cutterhead rotating speed and total thrust is reduced considerably,the rank of distribution range in a descending order is sand layer,soil layer and gravel layer,and the advance rate is also increased.(2)After optimization with the shortest construction duration being the decision-making goal,the rank of cutterhead rotating speed in a descending order is soil layer,sand layer and gravel layer.The rank of total thrust and advance rate in a descending order is sand layer,soil layer and gravel layer.After the optimization,the advance rate is increased markedly and the duration is shortened.(3)The cutterhead rotating speed,total thrust and advance rate after optimi⁃zation with the shortest construction duration being the decision-making goal are generally greater than the cutter⁃head rotating speed,total thrust and advance rate after optimization with the minimized energy consumption being the decision-making goal.Proper increase of cutterhead rotating speed and total thrust will increase the advance rate and shorten the construction duration.