多主体下环形管网管输价格机制改革思路

Reform thoughts on price mechanism of pipeline transmission for loop pipelines in the context of multiple agents

川渝地区既是国内主要的产气区,也是重要的用气区域。为了推进川渝地区天然气管输价格机制的改革,研究了川渝地区环形管网管输价格机制改革的问题和方案,分析了各种方案的优劣势以及可能面临的问题,有针对性地提出了相应的解决措施。研究结果表明:(1)川渝地区环形管网管输价格机制改革思路,即用户端统一价格,全省管网统一作价;在管输端由上游企业统一向用户收取管输费,再向其他管输企业结算其应收的管输费;在上游企业和管输企业之间的结算层面,省内支线管道按照老线老办法、新线统一运价率。(2)改革方案可能面临调配问题认定、各主体接受度、民生类高成本管线建设等问题,可以采取相应的措施,包括设定最低负荷率、维持原有用户优惠、保留老线运价率、认定民生类高成本管线等。针对下一步的改革及相关研究,提出两点建议:(1)深入分析川渝地区管输价格机制改革的影响,包括对用户、管输企业、上游企业、政府等各方的经济效益和社会效益,以及对天然气市场发展和产业链优化的作用;(2)建立川渝地区管输价格机制改革的评估体系,制定相应的指标和标准,定期评估改革的实施效果和问题,及时调整和完善改革方案和政策。

Sichuan-Chongqing area is not only a major gas production base but a considerable gas consumption area in China.Some problems and schemes about the mechanism reform of loop pipelines were analyzed for this area in order for boosting a reform on price mechanism of pipeline transmission.Moreover,both advantages and disadvantages as well as problems facing in various schemes were summed up.Many solutions were made.Results show that(i)reform thoughts on transmission price of loop pipelines in this area are put forward as follows,namely,it is necessary to implement a unified user price and a unified pricing in this area,to charge transmission fees from users for upstream enterprises at transmission ends and then to settle the receivable fees with other transmission parties.From aspects of the settlement between upstream enterprises and transmission parties,the rules of old way for old pipelines and unified transmission price for new pipelines were implemented for branch pipelines inside Sichuan-Chongqing area;and(ii)there exist some problems in the reform schemes,such as the identification of distribution problem,the acceptance of each main agent and the construction of high-cost pipelines for people's livelihood.And countermeasures are made,such as setting the minimum load rate,maintaining the original user preference,keeping the transmission price rate of old pipelines,and identifying the high-cost pipelines for people's livelihood.Two suggestions are proposed for the next reform and relevant research,at first to analyze controls on the price mechanism reform of pipeline transmission in Sichuan-Chongqing area,including the economic and social benefits to users,transmission parties,upstream enterprises and the government,and to study its effect on the development of natural-gas markets and the optimization of industrial chain;secondly to establish an evaluation system on this mechanism reform in Sichuan-Chongqing area,and formulate relevant indexes and standards,evaluate the implementation effect and problems of this reform periodically,and adjust and perfect the reform schemes and policies in time.